The morphology and morphometry of the human interthalamic adhesion using cadaveric brains and magnetic resonance images and their clinical significance

Abstract

AIM:To determine the prevalence, location, and dimensions of interthalamic adhesions (ITAs) in Indian brains. MATERIAL and METHODS:We examined 100 brains (50 cadaveric and 50 MR images) in the midsagittal plane for the presence or absence of ITAs, their location in the lateral wall of the third ventricle and dimensions. RESULTS:ITA was found in 87 brains (87%), four showed duplication (4%). Both its duplication and absence were more frequent among males than in females. It was most commonly located in the anterosuperior quadrant with posterosuperior extension. The mean horizontal diameter (7.13 ± 4.31 mm) was longer than the vertical (5.13 ± 3.17) in all the brains. Its average area (37.98 ± 41.47 mm 2 ) showed tremendous variation (ranges between 4.40 mm 2 to 203 mm 2 ) and was significantly higher in females (61.23 ± 56.22 mm 2 ) than males (36.44 ± 43.21 mm 2 ) (p=0.026). No correlation was found between the surface area of the ITA and the length of the third ventricle. CONCLUSION:Absence and duplication of ITA are fairly common in Indian brains with significant male predominance. Morphometric data are robust to advocate for sex differences in the ITA size, although not associated with surrounding thalamic or third ventricle anatomy.

Absence of the interthalamic adhesion (ITA) as a neuroanatomical association or risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders: A systemic review and meta-analysis

“…Finally, 45 citations or studies were included in this meta-analysis [ Figure 1 ]. [ 5 , 9 , 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 16 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ] These studies were classified according to study design. Among the 45, 25 were descriptive studies calculating the incidence of ITA, and the other 20 were comparative studies, either case–control or cohort, in which the OR of AITA was calculated.…”

“…(2022), Samra and Cooper (1968), and Snyder et al . (1998)[ 9 , 16 , 24 , 54 ] assessed the incidence of ITA by MRI and cadaver or postmortem dissection, so data were separated based on methods. Borghei (2021a, b) and Takahashi (2008) were different publications published in the same year.…”