The morphology of the preimaginal stages of Rhinusa neta (Germar, 1821) and notes on its biology (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Mecinini)

Ścibior, Radosław; Łetowski, J.

doi:10.3897/zookeys.807.28365

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The life history of R. neta in Europe has been described by Gassmann & Paetel (1998) and Scibior & Letowski (2018). Adult weevils emerge from overwintering sites in May–June.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The life history of R. neta in Europe has been described by Gassmann & Paetel (1998) and Scibior & Letowski (2018).…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(yellow toadflax), a closely‐related exotic species widespread in the USA and Canada. It is native to central and southern Europe but has been recorded from the Caucasus, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Iran, Algeria, and Morocco (Scibior & Letowski, 2018). It was first discovered in the USA in 1937 (Buchanan, 1937) and in Canada in 1957 (Smith, 1959) and has since been reported in California, Connecticut, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Montana, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Washington (all USA), and British Columbia and Ontario (both Canada) (Smith, 1959; DiGirolomo et al, 2019; Pitcairn et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive success of the invasive weed Linaria dalmatica and seed loss due to predation by Rhinusa neta in northern California, USA

Pitcairn,

Popescu

2023

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill. (Dalmatian toadflax, Plantaginaceae) is a serious invasive weed of rangelands and natural areas in the western USA and Canada. The adventive weevil Rhinusa neta (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a seed predator of L. dalmatica and has recently spread into northern California, USA. Seed loss due to R. neta predation may impact the reproductive success and population abundance of local host plant populations. The aim of this study was to determine the intensity of seed predation and how it may be influenced by the reproductive success of L. dalmatica at six field sites in northern California in 2019 and 2020. Flower production ranged from 40 to 208 flowers per inflorescence, fruit production ranged from 6 to 57 fruit per inflorescence, and seed production ranged from 171 to 3734 seeds per inflorescence. These values are very low (<20%) compared to L. dalmatica plants growing in other regions. Fruit set, an indication of pollination success, ranged from 6.9 to 30.6% in 2019 and from 10.9 to 23.7% in 2020. Average seed set ranged from 36 to 138 seeds per uninfested fruit. The intensity of attack of R. neta ranged from 0 to 70.4%. Fruit attack appeared random at most locations. Average seed set for infested fruit ranged from 0 to 35 seeds per fruit and did not differ significantly between terminal and branch fruit. The population‐level impact of R. neta on seed production was directly related to the intensity of attack at a location. Intensity of attack ranged from <1 to 70% and resulted in corresponding seed losses of 0 to 62.7% among six locations. Predation intensity is expected to increase and stabilize at much higher levels in the future as R. neta continues its immigration into northern California.

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“…The life history of R. neta in Europe has been described by Gassmann & Paetel (1998) and Scibior & Letowski (2018). Adult weevils emerge from overwintering sites in May–June.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The life history of R. neta in Europe has been described by Gassmann & Paetel (1998) and Scibior & Letowski (2018).…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reproductive success of the invasive weed Linaria dalmatica and seed loss due to predation by Rhinusa neta in northern California, USA

Pitcairn,

Popescu

2023

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…To date, larvae of only approximately 30 Mecinini species have been described, while descriptions of pupae have been made for 15 Mecinini species (see Skuhrovec et al 2018 for complete references). However, there are only a few detailed descriptions of larvae and pupae that can be used for an adequate taxonomic comparison; these include immatures of three species of Gymnetron (Jiang and Zhang 2015), two species of Rhinusa (Gosik 2010;Ścibior and Łętowski 2018), five species of Cleopomiarus (Skuhrovec et al 2018;Szwaj et al 2018) and three species of Miarus (Skuhrovec et al 2018). In fact, the comparison of approximately ten previously described immatures of mecinines, including two Mecinus species, M. heydenii Wencker, 1866 (Emden 1938) and M. janthinus Germar, 1821 (Scherf 1964), is somewhat problematic due to the absence of important details of the chaetotaxy and/or the absence of quality drawings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immature stages of Palearctic Mecinus species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae): morphological characters diagnostic at genus and species levels

Gosik

Skuhrovec

Caldara

et al. 2020

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The immature stages of ten Mecinus species are described for the first time and those of two other species are redescribed, adding important chaetotaxy characters that were missing from previous descriptions. These species belong to six of the nine assemblages of Mecinus species previously established according to a phylogenetic analysis. All these groupings are confirmed on the basis of several characters of mature larvae and pupae. Moreover, all the species show several characters that are useful for distinguishing them from each other, including cryptic species that previously had few differential characters. Some characters that may be useful for separating Mecinus from other genera in the tribe are suggested. To confirm the taxonomic identification of some larvae, the mtCOII gene was obtained and compared with sequences from identified adult specimens. The most important characters for separating the immature stages of the genera and species groups in Mecinus are the number of palpomeres of the labial palpi (1 or 2), the number of air tubes of the thoracic and abdominal spiracles (unicameral or bicameral), and the number of epipharyngeal setae. The species studied herein were compared with those known from other genera in the tribe Mecinini. Two keys, one to the described larvae and the other to the pupae, are provided. Detailed biological data, several of which are new, on some species are reported.

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Potential phylogenetic significance of the number of functional abdominal spiracles in beetle pupae, with focus on Staphylinoidea (Coleoptera)

Newton

2020

Pap. Avulsos Zool.

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The distribution of functional abdominal spiracles in pupae of Coleoptera is reviewed based on published descriptions and original observations. Aquatic Coleoptera typically have strong modifications, generally including dramatic reductions in the number of functional spiracles and often their modification into either spiracular gills or snorkels, as a response to their environment. But pupae of the great majority of Coleoptera, which are terrestrial, show broad stability across higher taxa. Most terrestrial beetles have at least the first five pairs of abdominal spiracles functional, up to and including a full set of eight pairs. However, the number is unexpectedly low in Scarabaeoidea and within Staphyliniformia, where Histeridae and all Staphylinoidea have a confirmed maximum of four pairs of spiracles. The relation between pupal size and number of functional spiracles in terrestrial pupae is explored, and it is suggested that those groups with an unexpectedly small number of functional spiracles may have passed through a “small-size bottleneck” in their ancestry. However, this hypothesis does not explain why several families of very small beetles in other groups of Coleoptera do not show a similar reduction, and little evidence was found to support a strong relation between pupal size and number of functional spiracles at lower taxonomic levels (below family). Whether pupae are exarate or obtect apparently also has little correlation with the number of functional spiracles. However, the consistency and stability of spiracular reductions in the above groups suggests that deep historical factors are involved and thus the reductions may be of phylogenetic significance. It is urged that establishing the number of functional spiracles in beetle pupae become as standard a feature of pupal descriptions as chaetotaxy and whether they are exarate or obtect.

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The morphology of the preimaginal stages of Rhinusa neta (Germar, 1821) and notes on its biology (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Mecinini)

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Reproductive success of the invasive weed Linaria dalmatica and seed loss due to predation by Rhinusa neta in northern California, USA

Reproductive success of the invasive weed Linaria dalmatica and seed loss due to predation by Rhinusa neta in northern California, USA

Immature stages of Palearctic Mecinus species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae): morphological characters diagnostic at genus and species levels

Potential phylogenetic significance of the number of functional abdominal spiracles in beetle pupae, with focus on Staphylinoidea (Coleoptera)

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