The mosaic of autoimmunity – Finally discussing in person. The 13th international congress on autoimmunity 2022 (AUTO13) Athens

Mahroum, Naim; Elsalti, Abdulrahman; Alwani, Abdulkarim; Seida, Isa; Alrais, Mahmoud; Seida, Ravend; Esirgun, Sevval Nil; Abali, Tunahan; Kiyak, Zeynep; Zoubi, Majdi; Shoenfeld, Yehuda

doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103166

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…About 0.0042% major adverse events were reported; these adverse events include severe allergic reactions, thrombotic events, thrombocytopenia, Guillain–Barré syndrome, myocarditis, and death. Moreover, manifestations have also been addressed in autoimmunity-related discussions and seem to increase as vaccination rates rise [ 67 , 68 , 69 ]. Upon the evaluation of 276 published cases examining side effects of COVID-19 vaccinations, Jara and colleagues [ 70 ] found the following to be reported: Guillain–Barré syndrome (151 patients), vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (93 cases), autoimmune liver diseases (8 cases), immune thrombocytopenic purpura (7 cases), IgA nephropathy (5 cases), Graves’ disease (4 cases), systemic lupus erythematosus (3 cases), autoimmune polyarthritis (2 cases), and rheumatoid arthritis (2 cases).…”

Section: Major Vaccines Associated With Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines and Autoimmunity—From Side Effects to ASIA Syndrome

Seida

Elsalti

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Since vaccines are in fact manufactured chemical compounds such as drugs, the appearance of side effects following their use is not surprising. Similarly, as the main goal of vaccines is to stimulate the immune system bringing out the production of protective antibodies, autoimmune-related side effects as a consequence of increased immune activity do not seem irrational. Fortunately, the rate of such side effects is low; however, the importance of reporting adverse events following vaccinations, understanding the mechanisms behind their appearance, making early diagnosis, and appropriate treatment cannot be overemphasized. In fact, autoimmune-related side effects of vaccines, particularly those based on adjuvants, were reported long before the introduction of the autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA). Nevertheless, ASIA gathered and united the side effects of vaccines under one title, a step which helped organize the research and call for better immune stimulators than adjuvants. New technologies and methods of making vaccines were clearly noticed during the pandemic of COVID-19 after the introduction of mRNA-based vaccines. In our current paper, we introduce the notion of side effects to vaccines, particularly those of autoimmune nature, the mechanisms of ASIA, and the main vaccines linked with the syndrome including the recent COVID-19 vaccines. The transition from side effects to ASIA is the main idea behind our work.

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Section: Major Vaccines Associated With Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines and Autoimmunity—From Side Effects to ASIA Syndrome

Seida

Elsalti

et al. 2023

Medicina

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“…It has been known for decades that viral infections contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases and trigger the initial breakdown in self-tolerance via several mechanisms. 11,41 SARS-CoV-2 is one such viral infection that may trigger autoimmune diseases. There have been reports regarding the de-novo SLE presentation following SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Infection Among Sle Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 Interestingly, during and after the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has been nicknamed the "autoimmune virus" because of several mechanisms in its pathogenesis including cytokine storm, autoantibody production, and the triggering effect for autoimmune disease initiation via hyperstimulation. [9][10][11][12] Intestinal dysbiosis is one of the mechanisms that has been hypothesized to underly the basis of the pathogenetic attributes. In fact, the changes in the microbiota have been documented to differ significantly following SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and SLE: Infection and autoimmunity at its best

Mahroum,

Elsalti,

Ozkan

et al. 2023

Lupus

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If one had any doubts before the pandemic regarding the correlation between infections and autoimmunity, COVID-19 left us fascinated on the strong bond between the two entities. The immune and autoimmune reactions seen in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have served as a base for this assumption. Later on, the use of immunosuppressants such as systemic glucocorticoids, among other biological agents, turned this assumption to a fact. This was no different when it comes to the vaccines against COVID-19. Through several postulated mechanisms these vaccines, although generally considered safe, are thought to have the potential to result in autoimmune reactions making them not more innocent than the infection itself. When systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is viewed as a classical autoimmune multisystemic disorder, the connection with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination is of extreme importance. This is because early reports during the pandemic have shown increased rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients known previously to have SLE and much more interestingly, cases of new-onset SLE after COVID-19 have been documented in the literature. Subsequently vaccines against COVID-19, those mRNA-based and adenovirus-vector based, were reported to induce new SLE cases, trigger immune thrombocytopenia or lupus nephritis, two common presentations of SLE, or exacerbate flares. In our paper, we concluded various aspects of available and recent data regarding SLE and COVID-19 as both an infection and vaccination.

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“…The concerned consequences in patients with COVID-19 were documented during the acute viral infection, throughout the long recovery phase (so-called post-COVID syndrome), as well as secondary to the vaccines of COVID-19. 1 Actually, the autoimmune nature of SARS-CoV-2 has been vastly reported in the medical literature and it is beyond the scope of our current paper. 2 However, it shows the strong bond between infection and autoimmunity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Herpes simplex virus and SLE: Though uncommon yet with significant implications

Mahroum

Elsalti

Shoenfeld

2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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To the Editor,The relation between infectious agents, particularly viruses, with autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases, has been extensively studied during the last decades. Recently, the association was shown to be even stronger during the pandemic of COVID-19, as the causative virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been linked to severe autoimmune sequela in infected individuals. The concerned consequences in patients with COVID-19 were documented during the acute viral infection, throughout the long recovery phase (so-called post-COVID syndrome), as well as secondary to the vaccines of COVID-19. 1 Actually, the autoimmune nature of SARS-CoV-2 has been vastly reported in the medical literature and it is beyond the scope of our current paper. 2 However, it shows the strong bond between infection and autoimmunity. Subsequently, with a deep interest in the field, we analyzed the article of Chang et al. 3 concluding that there is no

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The mosaic of autoimmunity – Finally discussing in person. The 13th international congress on autoimmunity 2022 (AUTO13) Athens

Cited by 19 publications

References 215 publications

Vaccines and Autoimmunity—From Side Effects to ASIA Syndrome

Vaccines and Autoimmunity—From Side Effects to ASIA Syndrome

COVID-19 and SLE: Infection and autoimmunity at its best

Herpes simplex virus and SLE: Though uncommon yet with significant implications

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