The Mosquitoes of Costa Rica 1

Kumm, Henry W.; Komp, W. H. W.; Ruiz, Horacio

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1940.s1-20.385

Cited by 18 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Their 43 (sites) records of resting adults were mostly from crab holes and included specimens of nine different species (Table 2). Of the 22 species‐resting site collections listed by Kumm et al (1940) and Heinemann and Belkin (1977), only Culex nigripalpus Theobald was recovered during the current study. Previous surveys of Costa Rican mosquitoes (Kumm et al 1940, Heinemann and Belkin 1977) were from a wider range of habitats and seasons than the current study and may explain why so few species that were reported earlier were also encountered presently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Resting environments of some Costa Rican mosquitoes

Burkett‐Cadena

Graham

Giovanetto

2013

Journal of Vector Ecology

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The resting sites of tropical American mosquitoes are poorly documented, and the few reports that do exist are largely from opportunistic collections. Since blood-engorged females (used in determining host associations) are more efficiently collected from resting sites than attractive traps, information on resting site utilization has practical value. To investigate differences in the resting sites utilized by tropical mosquitoes, we collected and identified female mosquitoes from one man-made (resting shelter) and three natural (buttress tree roots, hollow trees, and understory vegetation) resting environments at a tropical dry forest location in western Costa Rica. All of the most common species collected demonstrated associations with one or more resting environments. Females of five species (blood-engorged Anopheles albimanus, Uranotaenia apicalis, Uranotaenia lowii, Uranotaenia orthodoxa, and blood-engorged Mansonia titillans) were collected in significantly greater numbers from understory vegetation than other resting environments. Culex erraticus and other members of the subgenus Melanoconion were encountered more often in resting shelters, hollow trees, and buttress roots, while Culex restrictor (blood-engorged) females were associated with hollow trees. Similarity indices indicate that buttress tree roots, hollow trees, and resting shelters are similar with respect to the mosquito communities that utilize them as resting sites, while understory vegetation has a resting fauna that is different than the other environments surveyed here. These results add to the body of information regarding resting sites utilized by tropical American mosquitoes. Journal of Vector Ecology 38 (1): 12-19. 2013.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In the first synoptic work treating the mosquito fauna of Costa Rica, Kumm et al (1940) reported only two collections of resting adults (Table 2). Later, as part of their extensive studies on mosquitoes of Middle America, Heinemann and Belkin (1977) reported on opportunistic collections of resting adult mosquitoes throughout Costa Rica.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting environments of some Costa Rican mosquitoes

Burkett‐Cadena

Graham

Giovanetto

2013

Journal of Vector Ecology

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“…Historically (during the 1940s), An. albimanus was found as far north as Texas and Florida, USA [ 32 ] and throughout Central America, where it was collected in one locality at 1,000 m altitude [ 33 - 36 ]. It also was a main vector in Cuba and the West Indies [ 37 ], and was collected in South America along the northern Pacific coast, especially in the area surrounding Guayaquil, Ecuador [ 16 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anopheles eiseni was historically distributed across much of South and Central America, northward to southern Mexico [ 33 - 35 , 37 ], as well as in Pará, Brazil [ 49 ]. It is currently reported from Amazonian Brazil [ 20 ], Bolivia [ 47 ] and Central America [ 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New highland distribution records of multiple Anopheles species in the Ecuadorian Andes

Pinault

Hunter

2011

Malar J

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BackgroundSeveral recent climate change reviews have stressed the possibility of some malaria vectors occupying regions of higher altitudes than previously recorded. Indeed, highland malaria has been observed in several African nations, possibly attributable to changes in land use, vector control and local climate. This study attempts to expand the current knowledge of the distribution of common Anopheles species in Ecuador, with particular attention to highland regions (> 500 m) of the Andes.MethodsExtensive field collections of larvae were undertaken in 2008, 2009 and 2010 throughout all regions of Ecuador (except the lower-altitude Amazonian plain) and compared to historical distribution maps reproduced from the 1940s. Larvae were identified using both a morphological key and sequencing of the 800 bp region of the CO1 mitochondrial gene. In addition, spatial statistics (Getis-Ord Hotspot Analysis: Gi*) were used to determine high and low-density clusters of each species in Ecuador.ResultsDistributions have been updated for five species of Anopheles in Ecuador: Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis, Anopheles punctimacula, Anopheles eiseni and Anopheles oswaldoi s.l.. Historical maps indicate that An. pseudopunctipennis used to be widespread in highland Andean valleys, while other species were completely restricted to lowland areas. By comparison, updated maps for the other four collected species show higher maximum elevations and/or more widespread distributions in highland regions than previously recorded. Gi* analysis determined some highland hot spots for An. albimanus, but only cold spots for all other species.ConclusionsThis study documents the establishment of multiple anopheline species in high altitude regions of Ecuador, often in areas where malaria eradication programs are not focused.

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“…Notes on the Species Chagasia bathanus was described by Dyar from specimens collected near Gatun, Canal Zone, by Mr. C. H. Bath (Curry 1928;. It has been recorded from western Panama (Komp 1929a), Costa Rica (Kumm, Komp and Ruiz 1940), British Honduras (Kumm 1940b), and Venezuela (Gabaldon, Herrera and Perez-Vivas 1940). Martini (1935) says that a single specimen was cap¬ tured by Dampf in the State of Chiapas, Mexico.…”

Section: Characters Of the Female Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Symposium on Human Malaria with Special Reference to North America and the Caribbean Region

1942

JAMA

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Facilities for blood film diagnosis A few public health labs. Central Lab.: 5 am¬ bulatory clinics since 1937 Government Lab. (Belize) Medical aid in only 16.2% of all deaths 1938 Fruit Company Hos¬ pitals in port cities have good labs. Public Health Labs. (15) & ambulatory clinics Public Health Labs. in San Jose; special surveys Methods of routine diagnosis 14 MALARIA Relative frequency species of malaria plasmodia6 P. falciparum P. vivax P. malariae P. vivax and P. falciparum about equal P. malariae (imported) P. falciparum 90.3% P. vivax 9.2% P. malariae 0.3% P. falciparum 65% P. vivax 32% P. malariae 3% No data; all three species present P. falciparum 55% P. vivax 43 %

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The Mosquitoes of Costa Rica 1

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Resting environments of some Costa Rican mosquitoes

Resting environments of some Costa Rican mosquitoes

New highland distribution records of multiple Anopheles species in the Ecuadorian Andes

A Symposium on Human Malaria with Special Reference to North America and the Caribbean Region

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