The motion-induced shift in the perceived location of a grating also shifts its aftereffect

Kosovicheva, Anna; Maus, Gerrit W.; Anstis, Stuart; Cavanagh, Patrick; Tse, Peter U.; Whitney, David

doi:10.1167/12.8.7

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Although negative face aftereffects can emerge following brief adaptation [31, 32], like they sometimes do for basic features [33, 34], serial dependence on the timescale of our experiments trumped any potential negative aftereffects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Serial Dependence in the Perception of Faces

2014

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Summary From moment to moment, we perceive objects in the world as continuous despite fluctuations in their image properties due to factors like occlusion, visual noise, and eye movements. The mechanism by which the visual system accomplishes this object continuity remains elusive. Recent results have demonstrated that the perception of low-level stimulus features such as orientation and numerosity is systematically biased (i.e., pulled) toward visual input from the recent past [1, 2]. The spatial region over which current orientations are pulled by previous orientations is known as the continuity field, which is temporally tuned for the past 10–15 s [1]. This perceptual pull could contribute to the visual stability of low-level features over short time periods, but it does not address how visual stability occurs at the level of object identity. Here, we tested whether the visual system facilitates stable perception by biasing current perception of a face, a complex and behaviorally relevant object, toward recently seen faces. We found that perception of face identity is systematically biased toward identities seen up to several seconds prior, even across changes in viewpoint. This effect did not depend on subjects’ prior responses or on the method used to measure identity perception. Although this bias in perceived identity manifests as a misperception, it is adaptive: visual processing echoes the stability of objects in the world to create perceptual continuity. The serial dependence of identity perception promotes object identity invariance over time and provides the clearest evidence for the existence of an object-selective perceptual continuity field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Serial Dependence in the Perception of Faces

2014

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“…Having a flash to mark the intended alignment point removes these constraints, and as we show here, entails no loss of the size of the effect. It allows us to present the flash when the point of interest approaches vertical, even if there are several otherwise identical points (a multiple cycle grating), or if the texture is random, as we have previously shown (Tse et al, 2011; Kosovicheva et al, 2012). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The flash grab effect

2013

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When an object moves back and forth, its trajectory appears significantly shorter than it actually is. The object appears to stop and reverse well before its actual reversal point, as if there is some averaging of location within a window of about 100 ms (Sinico et al, 2009). Surprisingly, if a bar is flashed at the physical end point of the trajectory, right on top of the object, just as it reverses direction, the flash is also shifted – grabbed by the object – and is seen at the perceived endpoint of the trajectory rather than the physical endpoint. This can shift the perceived location of the flash by as much as 2 or 3 times its physical size and by up to several degrees of visual angle. We first show that the position shift of the flash is generated by the trajectory shortening, as the same shift is seen with or without the flash. The flash itself is only grabbed if it is presented within a small spatiotemporal attraction zone around the physical end point of the trajectory. Any flash falling in that zone is pulled toward the perceived endpoint. The effect scales linearly with speed, up to a maximum, and is independent of the contrast of the moving stimulus once it is above 5%. Finally, we demonstrate that this position shift requires attention. These results reveal a new “flash grab” effect in the family of motion-induced position shifts. Although it most resembles the flash drag effect, it differs from this in the following ways: 1) it has a different temporal profile, 2) it requires attention, 3) it is about 10 times larger.

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“…The recent demonstration that motion can have widespread influence on activity in retinotopic cortex (Harvey and Dumoulin, 2016) also provides some plausibility to our findings, even if the two sets of findings may not be driven by the same mechanism. Recent psychophysical evidence has demonstrated that shifting the perceived position of a grating using the flash grab effect leads to a corresponding shift in the location of the tilt aftereffect elicited by the grating (Kosovicheva et al, 2012), corresponding to about 10% of the perceived shift. Neurophysiological studies have indicated that the tilt aftereffect is driven by adaptation of orientation-selective cells in V1 (Movshon and Lennie, 1979), so this result suggests that at least some aspect of the mechanism underlying motion-induced position shifts can be attributed to early visual cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motion-Induced Position Shifts Activate Early Visual Cortex

2017

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The ability to correctly determine the position of objects in space is a fundamental task of the visual system. The perceived position of briefly presented static objects can be influenced by nearby moving contours, as demonstrated by various illusions collectively known as motion-induced position shifts. Here we use a stimulus that produces a particularly strong effect of motion on perceived position. We test whether several regions-of-interest (ROIs), at different stages of visual processing, encode the perceived rather than retinotopically veridical position. Specifically, we collect functional MRI data while participants experience motion-induced position shifts and use a multivariate pattern analysis approach to compare the activation patterns evoked by illusory position shifts with those evoked by matched physical shifts. We find that the illusory perceived position is represented at the earliest stages of the visual processing stream, including primary visual cortex. Surprisingly, we found no evidence of percept-based encoding of position in visual areas beyond area V3. This result suggests that while it is likely that higher-level visual areas are involved in position encoding, early visual cortex also plays an important role.

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The motion-induced shift in the perceived location of a grating also shifts its aftereffect

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Serial Dependence in the Perception of Faces

Serial Dependence in the Perception of Faces

The flash grab effect

Motion-Induced Position Shifts Activate Early Visual Cortex

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