The Motivational Factors of Heritage Language Learning in Immigrant Bilingualism

Heritage Language Learning Trajectories and Multiple Influencing Factors: A Multiple-Case Study of University-Aged Korean Canadians

“…The critical factors of HL learning and development often include age of immigration or age of onset of bilingualism, parental education, SES, and birth order (e.g., Ahn et al, 2017;Armon-Lotem et al, 2015;Kim & Pyun, 2015;Montrul, 2008), parents' attitudes and home environment (e.g., Kang, 2015;Park & Sarkar, 2007), community engagement (e.g., Leeman et al, 2011), ethnic and cultural identity (e.g., Lee, 2002), school ideologies and teachers' attitudes (e.g., Seals, 2018;Yilmaz, 2016), and societal accessibility to HL learning (e.g., Becker, 2013). However, debates on the critical factors are ongoing due to the varying contexts, dynamics among factors, and methodological issues (Duff, 2019;Flores et al, 2020;Ortega, 2020).…”

“…Parents' attitudes and consistent use of HL is a common positive factor for children's HL development across different ethnic groups (e.g., Kharchenko, 2018) but as Kang (2013) finds, there can be disparity between parents' actual practice of HL and their attitudes to HL. Seemingly assumed positive functions of home/parents can hinder children's HL learning due to their ideologies favoring English over HL (Yilmaz, 2016). This complexity suggests the need to focus on the dynamic interplay of various factors (Duff, 2019).…”

The Role of Social Media in Maintaining Minority Languages: A Case Study of Chechen Language in Jordan

“…Additionally, when this view is reinforced by young people themselves-who may as well view the old language as irrelevant or a burden, and think of the older generation who still speaks the indigenous language as backward or ignorant-it is only to be predictable that negative attitudes spread all over the community. Yilmaz (2016) reports that parents' positive attitudes towards the ethnic language play an important part in the children's success rate in preserving it. ISSN 1948-5425 2019 Moriarty (2009) tested the role of ethnic media in preserving the Irish language.…”

“…It allows speakers to share and access language materials that are related to the minority language and its culture. Yilmaz (2016) identified the factors that lead immigrant's children to reject their mother tongue and to switch totally to English for everyday conversation when they begin schooling with native English speakers. Also, she studied the motivational factors that inspire them to (re)learn their mother tongue after a period of time.…”