The Motivative Augmental Effects of Verbal Stimuli on Cooperative and Conformity Responding under a Financially Competing Contingency in an Analog Work Task

Ghezzi, Elizabeth L.; Houmanfar, Ramona A.; Crosswell, Laura

doi:10.1007/s40732-020-00400-7

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The first study was conducted by Kissi, et al (2018), the lead authors of which also authored the systematic review paper discussed above. Specifically, participants were divided 1 We would also note that other papers have been published since our informal review of the literature (in April 2020) that could be seen as broadly relevant (e.g., Ghezzi et a., 2020;Ruiz et al, 2020). However, the general argument we are advancing in the current "position" article, that rule-governed behavior, and thus pliance, tracking and augmenting, are best considered middle-level terms, are not fundamentally challenged by the publication of these additional articles.…”

Section: Recent Research Focused On Pliance Tracking and Augmentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Status of Rule-Governed Behavior as Pliance, Tracking and Augmenting within Relational Frame Theory: Middle-Level Rather than Technical Terms

Harte

Barnes‐Holmes

2021

Psychol Rec

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A recent systematic review has highlighted that the terms pliance, tracking, and augmenting have rarely been used as the basis for conducting systematic experimental-analytic research since their conception in 1982, despite their theoretical centrality to the study of rulegoverned behavior and their presumed impact on psychological suffering. Given that some time has passed since the review article, it may be useful to reflect again upon their place within the literature on the experimental analysis of human behavior, and relational frame theory in particular. As such, the current article constitutes a "position piece" rather than another formal systematic review. In reviewing (informally) the literature since the systematic review, the recent emergence of psychometric research involving these concepts could be seen as reinforcing the original conclusions, in that researchers are recognizing that pliance, tracking and augmenting may be of limited value in the experimental analysis of human behavior. Instead, the concept of rule-governed behavior itself, as well as the subcategories of pliance, tracking and augmenting, should be considered middle-level terms, which lack the relative precision of more technical terms within the literature on relational frame theory.

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Section: Recent Research Focused On Pliance Tracking and Augmentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Status of Rule-Governed Behavior as Pliance, Tracking and Augmenting within Relational Frame Theory: Middle-Level Rather than Technical Terms

Harte

Barnes‐Holmes

2021

Psychol Rec

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“…Moreover, they suggested that the function of a rule is to influence listener behavior. How the rule is communicated (i.e., through statement and rhetoric) to listeners influences how listeners will respond (Ghezzi, Houmanfar, & Crosswell, 2020 ; Johnson, Houmanfar, & Smith, 2010 ; Rafacz, Houmanfar, Smith, & Levin, 2019 ; Smith, Houmanfar, & Louis, 2011 ; Smith, Houmanfar, & Denny, 2012 ).…”

Section: Leadership Communication and Systemic Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Creating Inclusive and Equitable Cultural Practices by Linking Leadership to Systemic Change

Esquierdo-Leal

Houmanfar

2021

Behav Analysis Practice

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From a global pandemic to the killings of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Ahmaud Arbery, Rayshard Brooks, and others in the Black community, the year 2020 has cast light on long-standing social injustices. With this has come a critical social movement and a call for change-specifically, a call for transformative solutions that address not only new challenges but also centuries of systemic issues, such as systemic oppression and systemic racism. Leadership across the globe has scrambled to answer the call, some issuing statements committed to change, others engaging in necessary action. What is critical, however, is that leadership understands the cultural factors that have given rise to centuries of oppressive practices, and that leaders are held accountable for the commitments they have expressed. Leadership must promote, create, and maintain prosocial, inclusive, and healthy work environments. This requires new cultural practices and a focused organizational model. Equally important is the need to resolve ambiguity and communicate effectively, with strategic consideration of constituent perspectives and needs. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to discuss the contribution of behavior analysis to addressing systemic oppression, as well as the pivotal role leadership communication plays in occasioning social change. It is our hope that this conceptual work will inspire behavior scientists to advance the field of behavior analysis and social movements in the direction of equitable, prosocial change that dismantles systemic oppression.

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“…The CDPs follow evolution theory in the context of cooperation, and humans as a cooperative species; which provides for a theoretical framework. Recent research in the area of cooperation has shown that some people will behave cooperatively even in the presence of a competing contingency to act "selfishly" (Rafacz et al, 2019, Ghezzi et al, 2020. Ghezzi et al (2020) found that when people were identified as having a stronger history of reinforcement with cooperative stimuli compared to others, as predicted by the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP), the more likely they were to cooperate at higher and more sustained rates, while concurrently under a competing financial contingency to respond "selfishly."…”

Section: Intervention At the Group Level: Prosocialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research in the area of cooperation has shown that some people will behave cooperatively even in the presence of a competing contingency to act "selfishly" (Rafacz et al, 2019, Ghezzi et al, 2020. Ghezzi et al (2020) found that when people were identified as having a stronger history of reinforcement with cooperative stimuli compared to others, as predicted by the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP), the more likely they were to cooperate at higher and more sustained rates, while concurrently under a competing financial contingency to respond "selfishly." Alternatively, those with a weaker history of reinforcement with cooperative stimuli were less likely to cooperate and more likely to behave with respect to direct, individual contingencies, or act "selfishly."…”

Section: Intervention At the Group Level: Prosocialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restructuring Law Enforcement Agencies to Support Prosocial Values: A Behavior-Scientific Model for Addressing Police Brutality

Ghezzi

Funk

Houmanfar

2021

Behav Analysis Practice

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Policing in the United States is irrefutably a component of systemic racism. The history of police brutality against the Black community can be found in our amendments, laws, and cultural practices-it is an infrastructure of oppression. Though police brutality is not a new development, it has reached a fever pitch with the deaths of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor. Recent calls to defund the police puts law enforcement agencies squarely, and rightly, in the spotlight of social justice movements and reform. Current issues operating within law enforcement agencies ensure the perpetuation of a system that reinforces the status quo and gives nothing back to the communities that have been victims of brutality. A philosophical restructuring of how law enforcement agencies interact with the communities they serve is paramount. The purpose of this paper is to propose a behavior scientific model aimed at both the individual and organizational levels of law enforcement agencies using elements of Acceptance and Commitment Training (ACT) and Elinor Ostrom's core design principles (CDPs), called Prosocial. The Prosocial model promotes clarification of values within organizations and the communities they serve and reinforces valuesconsistent action. The model therefore has the potential to be a useful tool to combat systemic racism and police brutality within law enforcement agencies. The proposed model will be discussed in the context of those who created it (white academicians), who will be implementing it (law enforcement), and ultimately who should benefit from it above and beyond police brutality and without psychological or financial cost (Black communities).

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The Motivative Augmental Effects of Verbal Stimuli on Cooperative and Conformity Responding under a Financially Competing Contingency in an Analog Work Task

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

The Status of Rule-Governed Behavior as Pliance, Tracking and Augmenting within Relational Frame Theory: Middle-Level Rather than Technical Terms

The Status of Rule-Governed Behavior as Pliance, Tracking and Augmenting within Relational Frame Theory: Middle-Level Rather than Technical Terms

Creating Inclusive and Equitable Cultural Practices by Linking Leadership to Systemic Change

Restructuring Law Enforcement Agencies to Support Prosocial Values: A Behavior-Scientific Model for Addressing Police Brutality

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