The Motor Recovery Related with Brain Lesion in Patients with Intracranial Hemorrhage

Abstract

Although studies have demonstrated that several specific brain lesions are related to the severity of functional outcomes, the effects of specific brain lesions are not yet clear. This study investigated the effects of hemorrhagic stroke lesions on motor recovery. Eleven subjects with hemorrhagic stroke were assessed. Using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment and functional ambulation category, clinical motor and sensory impairments were tested four times in total: initially within 2 weeks and 1, 3, and 6 months after the onset of stroke. Brain lesions and size were evaluated using MRIcron, SPM8, and Talairach Daemon software. Trunk control, motor function in the lower limbs, and sensory function improved significantly within 3 months, after which the change was no longer significant. Upper limb function and gait were unchanged within 1 month but improved significantly 3 months after onset and continued to improve for 6 months. Involvement of the anterior putamen, internal capsule, thalamus, periventricular white matter, and premotor cortex was related to poor upper limb recovery in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. These results should be useful for planning rehabilitation strategies and understanding the prognosis of hemorrhagic stroke.

Brain lesions affecting gait recovery in stroke patients

“…This study was an observational one for clinical recovery and outcome, we did not calculate the exact sample size. Sample sizes of previous studies vary 11–41 (Lee et al., ; Lee et al., ; Shelton & Reding, ). We decided the sample size was thirty subjects.…”

“…All subjects received physical and occupational therapy on the basis of a neurodevelopmental treatment approach (physical therapy) and task‐orientated approach (occupational therapy). The rehabilitation program of all subjects had started within 1 month after onset (Lee et al., ). The treatment continued up to 6 months after onset, consisted of 1–2 hrs per day, 5 days a week, including each of physical and occupational therapy.…”

The Prognosis and Recovery of Aphasia Related to Stroke Lesion

“…For precise localization of their brain lesions, high resolution 1.5T anatomical MRI scans with a 5-mm slice thickness were analyzed using MRIcron, SPM8, and Talairach Daemon software [8]. …”

Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Issues in Rehabilitation

“…This prolonged recovery is a witness to the beneicial outcome of rehabilitation during the subacute phase of recovery in stroke patients [25]. Neuronal plasticity is a subject of dedicated study today and is deined as the ability of the brain to recover functionally due to neuronal reorganization after a cerebral insult.…”

“…Impaired motor functions can be due to paralysis or paresis of the muscles (depending on the site of the lesion), which results from the damage to the brain parenchyma (motor cortex or descending/ascending pathways in the internal capsule and corona radiata), resulting in abnormal regulation of spinal motoneurons, alterations in postural and stretch relexes and loss of voluntary movements [18,[53][54][55][56]. If the lesions involve the internal capsule, thalamus, periventricular white mater, and/or premotor cortex, the recovery of the upper limb motor functions is poorer [25,57]. Regarding the functions in the lower limbs, in a study, it was shown that approximately 51% of subjects were without walking function at the time of admission to the rehabilitation unit and 12% of the subjects needed assistance during ambulation [58].…”