The Movement of Labelled 2,4‐d in Young Barley Plants

Zweep, W. van der

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1961.tb00025.x

Weed Research

1961

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3180.1961.tb00025.x

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The Movement of Labelled 2,4‐d in Young Barley Plants

W. van der Zweep¹

Abstract: Summary. After the 4-or 5-leaf stage in young barley plants, there is a decrease in the translocation of 2,4-D from the leaves to the root system. It is shown that there is no relation between this phenomenon and ear initiation, which occurs at this stage of development. Movement of 2,4-D out of leaves of the tiller in the axils of the 1st and 2nd leaves was also shown to be very small. There is some evidence for a 'block' in the movement of 2,4-D in established grass plants. La migration du 2,4-Z) marqué dans… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications

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Phloem mobility of xenobiotics: tabular review of physicochemical properties governing the output of the Kleier model

1995

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The Kleier model of phloem-mobility of xenobiotics combines the intermediate permeability hypothesis with the acid trap mechanism for weak acids. The output of the model is dependent on the lipophilicity of a compound, for which octanol/water partition coefficients (log &,) have been used as a measure. The membrane permeability of xenobiotics is predicted from these partition coefficients, and the nature of the sieve tube membranes has been modelled using regressions derived from Nitella or potato permeability data A wide range of log K,,, values for herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and experimental compounds (x400) have been tabulated along with the model output for various membrane parameters. The application of the model is in broad agreement with literature and experimental observations on many of the known phloem mobile herbicides and predicts low phloem mobility for the fungicides and insecticides considered here, again in agreement with the literature. The behaviour of herbicides representative of the main chemical families and modes of action are reviewed, along with examples of the few phloem-mobile fungicides and insecticides identified.Abbreviations: GW = octanol-water partition coefficient; pK, = -logi,-, acid dissociation constant; Cf = Concentration factor; P = membrane permeability.

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Phloem mobility of xenobiotics: tabular review of physicochemical properties governing the output of the Kleier model

1995

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Translocation of Different 2,4-D, Bentazon, Diclofop, or Diclofop-Methyl Combinations in Oat (Avena sativa) and Soybean (Glycine max)

Hall

Edgington

1982

Weed sci.

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Oat (Avena sativaL. ‘Elgin′) and soybean (Glycine maxL. ‘Evans′) were treated with14C-diclofop-methyl {methyl ester of 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propionic acid]} or14C-diclofop alone or in combination with 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] or bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] and14C-2,4-D alone or in combination with diclofop-methyl or diclofop. More radioactivity was recovered in the treatment zone after14C-diclofop-methyl applications, alone or in combination, than after similar14C-diclofop treatments in oat and soybean. Basipetal movement of radioactivity was 4 and 1% and acropetal movement was 1 and 4% in oat and soybean, respectively, regardless of the diphenyl ether treatment or time. Addition of 2,4-D or bentazon did not reduce translocation of radioactivity from14C-diclofop-methyl treatments in either plant species. Basipetal movement of radioactivity from14C-diclofop-methyl was greater than from14C-diclofop in both oat and soybean. The addition of diclofop-methyl or diclofop did not affect the pattern or amount of14C-2,4-D radioactivity translocated. In oats, radioactivity appeared to accumulate within the intercalary meristematic region with14C-2,4-D and14C-diphenyl-ether applications. Diclofop-methyl at 1 kg/ha applied either to an entire oat plant at the three-leaf stage or the apical meristemic region resulted in plant mortality. The extent to which transport contributes to diclofop-methyl efficacy is questioned.

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AN AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE MOVEMENT OF ¹⁴C‐LABELLED ASSIMILATES IN THE DEVELOPING WHEAT PLANT

Quinlan

Sagar

1962

Weed Research

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Summary. 14CO2 together with autoradiographic techniques was used to stuy the movement of labelled carbon within wheat plants at different stages in their development. Movement of 14C about the plain was found to be extensive in the early stages, gradually bccoming more localized until at a stage after ear emergence there was little transference of labelled carbon between tillers within a 24‐hour period. In the early stages of development 14C from leaves on the main shoot was transported throughout the plant but accumulated in greatest amounts in the meristematic regions. Assimilates produced by the leaves of newly formed tillers were distributed mainly to the meristematic regions of those tillers although labelled carbon was moved in into the rest of the plant. In the later stages of development of each tiller the labelled assimilate was restricted to the tiller itself and to any very young tillers associated with it. After car emergence the pattern of distribution of the labelled carbon from the youngest and second youngest leaves was found to differ. Movement was predominantly towards the ear from the flag leaf and towards the root system from the leaf below the flag. It was noticed that mature leaves accumulated some labelled material and the possibility that this occurred via the transpiration stream following migration from phloem to xylem, as is the case with some of the case with some of the translocated herbicides, was investigated, but no indication of xylem transference was obtained. The possible application of these studies to investigations into the relationship between the movement natural assimilates and of translocated herbicides is discussed.

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The Movement of Labelled 2,4‐d in Young Barley Plants

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Phloem mobility of xenobiotics: tabular review of physicochemical properties governing the output of the Kleier model

Phloem mobility of xenobiotics: tabular review of physicochemical properties governing the output of the Kleier model

Translocation of Different 2,4-D, Bentazon, Diclofop, or Diclofop-Methyl Combinations in Oat (Avena sativa) and Soybean (Glycine max)

AN AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE MOVEMENT OF ¹⁴C‐LABELLED ASSIMILATES IN THE DEVELOPING WHEAT PLANT

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The Movement of Labelled 2,4‐d in Young Barley Plants

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Phloem mobility of xenobiotics: tabular review of physicochemical properties governing the output of the Kleier model

Phloem mobility of xenobiotics: tabular review of physicochemical properties governing the output of the Kleier model

Translocation of Different 2,4-D, Bentazon, Diclofop, or Diclofop-Methyl Combinations in Oat (Avena sativa) and Soybean (Glycine max)

AN AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE MOVEMENT OF 14C‐LABELLED ASSIMILATES IN THE DEVELOPING WHEAT PLANT

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Product

Resources

About

AN AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE MOVEMENT OF ¹⁴C‐LABELLED ASSIMILATES IN THE DEVELOPING WHEAT PLANT