The multi-faceted nature of age-associated osteoporosis

Invited Perspective: New Insight into Cadmium-Related Osteoporosis Yields Hope for Prevention and Therapy

“… 2 The causative or risk factors for osteoporosis include genetic factors, endocrine, gastrointestinal, rheumatic and autoimmune diseases, lifestyle change, and environmental factors. 3 Chronic exposure to Cd is associated with osteoporosis, even though there are sex and racial differences for the associated levels between Cd exposure and osteoporosis. 4 – 6 However, the specific mechanisms driving this association remain incompletely understood, and Liu et al.…”