The Multifaceted Impact of Skeletal Muscle Morphology and Function on Spine Pathologies

Abstract

Skeletal muscle morphometry, quality, and function serve as crucial prognostic indicators across various medical and surgical fields. Sarcopenia, the progressive loss of muscle mass and function, significantly contributes to frailty in individuals with spine pathologies. Abnormalities in spinal muscle mass and function (e.g., sarcopenia) are not only associated with the development of spine-related disorders but also negatively affect quality of life and postoperative outcomes. Tailored treatments and effective pre and post-operative rehabilitation strategies are imperative to mitigate complications, enhance quality of life, and expected survival in patients with diverse spinal pathologies. The intricate relationship between spine pathologies, sarcopenia, and factors like patient-reported health-related quality of life, frailty, surgery-related adverse events, and cost-effectiveness necessitates a comprehensive approach from spine care providers. Recognizing the broader implications of muscle loss on physical function, pain levels, and quality of life is essential for spine care providers to optimize both non-operative and operative care.