The multifaceted progenitor fates in healthy or unhealthy adipose tissue during obesity

Abstract

While obesity is defined as an excessive fat accumulation conferring a risk to metabolic health, increased adipose mass by itself does not fully explain obesity's propensity to promote metabolic alterations. Adipose tissue regulates multiple processes critical for energy homeostasis and its dysfunction favors the development and perpetuation of metabolic diseases. Obesity drives inflammatory leucocyte infiltration in adipose tissue and fibrotic transformation of the fat depots. Both features associate with metabolic alterations such as impaired glucose control and resistance to fat mass loss. In this context, adipose progenitors, an heterogenous resident population of mesenchymal stromal cells, display functions important to shape healthy or unhealthy adipose tissue expansion. We, here, outline the current understanding of adipose progenitor biology in the context of obesity-induced adipose tissue remodeling.

A quality evaluation method of lotus leaf based on its lipid lowering components using QAMS and chemometrics

“…Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ( PPARγ ) plays a crucial role in preadipocyte differentiation, adipocyte differentiation, glucose metabolism, and the complete generation of fat [ 13 ]. The 3T3-L1-Lenti- PPARγ -RE-Luc cells reported in a previous study by our group [ 14 ] were used to evaluate the lipid-lowering activity of the LL-extracts through inhibiting the expression of PPARγ [ 15 ].…”

Exercise training remodels inguinal white adipose tissue through adaptations in innervation, vascularization, and the extracellular matrix

“…The ECM is a highly dynamic structure that is continuously modified, degraded, and deposited. 7 ECM remodeling affects important cellular functions such as adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation and is closely linked with fundamental tissue processes including vascularization 8 and innervation. 9 Dysregulated ECM remodeling is found in numerous conditions including inflammatory diseases, heart disease, and cancer, and given this clinical relevance, research aimed at understanding the cellular mechanisms of pathological ECM remodeling has become more prominent.…”

Deubiquitinase USP1 enhances CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) stability and accelerates adipogenesis and lipid accumulation

“…Adipogenesis, the process by which pre-adipocytes become fully differentiated adipocytes, is a key mechanism for increasing fat mass and lipid accumulation [ 1 ]. These are important metabolic pathways to maintain energy homeostasis by sensing and storing excess nutrients.…”

“…They also generate numerous adipokines and signaling molecules that regulate metabolism throughout the body [ 4 ]. As the onset of various diseases caused by obesity has become a global problem, studies on the role of adipose tissues are being actively conducted [ 1 – 3 , 5 ]. For example, improper adipogenesis results in a sustained inflammatory response and elevated serum glucose and lipid levels, leading to lipotoxicity in other major organs, including the kidneys, heart, and liver [ 6 ].…”