The Murine Local Lymph Node Assay

Huygevoort, Ton van

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47377-2_14

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…As well as regulatory and research toxicology, there is also a mid-ground of applied toxicology where research projects and experiments are specifically designed such that their output will have a direct impact on risk assessment. This could be through offering new methodologies of immediate use such as toxicokinetic models to help interpret in vivo data or exploration and establishment of replacements for animal tests such as the local lymph node assay (LLNA) (van Huygevoort, 2017) 4 based on work conducted at Central Toxicology Laboratory (CTL) by Ian Kimber and his team. 5 Another major focus of applied toxicology is to establish a proposed mode of action (MOA) for toxicological findings observed in regulatory studies and also to establish if these toxicological findings are relevant to humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaboration and competition: ethics in toxicology

Walker

Roberts

2018

Toxicology Research

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From animal research through adverse events in clinical trials to health scares around food contamination, toxicology has frequently been a focus of scientific and societal concern. As these concerns shift with each new drug, new technology or public health scare, how can toxicology stay current, relevant and ethical? Two of the biggest ethical challenges in pharmaceutical toxicology are the use of animals in testing and the high safety-related attrition rates in new drug development. Both of these require progress in the discipline that will only be driven by research funding. Yet, very little is invested in these two fields compared with investment in new efficacy models, new disease targets and new technologies. How can this be addressed? Here, we explore current paradigms in toxicology that may have the potential for perceived or actual unethical ramifications. We discuss the underpinnings of such practices and make recommendations for change around peer review, resourcing, transparency and data sharing. These ideas build on the analysis presented in the 2004 Paton Prize lecture (Purchase, 2004) where issues around conflict of interest (COI), collaboration and competition in the context of ethical behaviours were highlighted. These areas are clearly relevant to many aspects of scientific research but here we focus on toxicology and specifically toxicology in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%