The Mutation of Corynebacterium pyogenes to Corynebacterium haemolyticum

Barksdale, W. L.; Li, Keyao; Cummins, C. S.; Harris, H. B.

doi:10.1099/00221287-16-3-749

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…menaquinones in C. pyogenes and 'C. haemolyticum' is not in accord with the inclusion of these taxa in the genus Streptococcus (Cummins & Harris, 1956;Barksdale et al, 1957). The majority of streptococci completely lack respiratory quinones, although some unsaturated naphthoquinones have been detected in a few group D and group N streptococci (Collins & Jones, 1979a, b).…”

Section: R E S U L T S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although C. pyogenes and 'C. haemolyticum' are phenotypically quite similar (Barksdale et al, 1957), a numerical taxonomic study which included four strains of C. pyogenes and five strains of 'C. haemolyticum' resulted in the clustering of the strains of these two taxa into two distinct groups (D. Jones & M. D. Collins, unpublished work).…”

Section: R E S U L T S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the species bears little similarity to other animal pathogenic corynebacteria and its retention within the genus Corynebacterium has been questioned by several workers (Barksdale et al, 1957;Cummins & Harris, 1956;Barksdale, 1970;Goodfellow et al, 1976;Jones, 1975;Minnikin et al, 1978). In addition, the relationship of C. pyogenes to the species Corynebacterium haemolyticum (MacLean et al, 1946) remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cummins & Harris (1956 analysed the cell walls of representative strains of C. pyogenes and C. haemolyticum, and on this basis suggested that both species were very closely related to the streptococci. This view was upheld by Barksdale et al (1957) who suggested not only that C. pyogenes and C. haemolyticum should be reclassified in the genus Streptococcus, but that C. haemolyticum was but a mutant form of C. pyogenes. The same authors noted that the serological cross-reactions between cell wall extracts of C. pyogenes and group G streptococcal antiserum supported this reclassification (Barksdale et al, 1957 Crombach, 1978;Keddie & Cure, 1977, 1978Minnikin et al, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This view was upheld by Barksdale et al (1957) who suggested not only that C. pyogenes and C. haemolyticum should be reclassified in the genus Streptococcus, but that C. haemolyticum was but a mutant form of C. pyogenes. The same authors noted that the serological cross-reactions between cell wall extracts of C. pyogenes and group G streptococcal antiserum supported this reclassification (Barksdale et al, 1957 Crombach, 1978;Keddie & Cure, 1977, 1978Minnikin et al, 1978). In the present study, the cell walls, isoprenoid quinones and fatty acid profiles of C. pyogenes and 'C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Studies as a Guide to the Classification of Corynebacterium pyogenes and 'Corynebacterium haemolyticum'

Collins¹,

Jones

Kroppenstedt

et al. 1982

Microbiology

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The peptidoglycan of Corynebacterium pyogenes and 'Corynebacterium haemolyticum' contained lysine as the dibasic amino acid. In addition, glutamic acid and alanine were detected in the hydrolysates. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of whole-organism methanolysates of C. pyogenes and 'C. haemolyticum' revealed the presence of single spots corresponding to simple non-hydroxylated fatty acid methyl esters. The major fatty acid structural types were straight-chain and monounsaturated acids. Menaquinones (vitamin K)were the sole respiratory quinones detected in C. pyogenes and 'C. haemolyticum *. The major menaquinone components in C. pyogenes were tetrahydrogenated with ten isoprene units. Tetrahydrogenated menaquinones with nine isoprene units, however, predominated in 'C. haemolyticum'. The results of the present study indicate that C. pyogenes and 'C. haernolyticum' should be excluded from the genus Corynebacterium: C. pyogenes can be accommodated in the genus Actinomyces but the taxonomic position of 'C. haemolyticum ' remains equivocal.

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Section: R E S U L T S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: R E S U L T S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Studies as a Guide to the Classification of Corynebacterium pyogenes and 'Corynebacterium haemolyticum'

Collins¹,

Jones

Kroppenstedt

et al. 1982

Microbiology

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Arcanobacterium

Yassin¹,

Schaal²

2015

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Ar.ca.no.bac.te'ri.um. L. adj. arcanus secret, hidden, secretive; L. neut. n. bacterium a small rod; N. L. neut. n. Arcanobacterium secretive bacterium. Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Actinomycetales / Actinomycetaceae / Arcanobacterium Slender, irregular, bacillary forms predominate during the first 18 h of growth; many cells are arranged at an angle to give V‐formations. As growth proceeds cells become granular and segmented so that they resemble small and irregular cocci. Both rods and coccoid cells are Gram‐stain‐positive, non‐acid fast and non‐motile; endospores are not formed. Facultatively anaerobic ; growth is considerably enhanced in an atmosphere of increased CO 2 ‐tension. Growth is sparse on ordinary media but enhanced by blood or serum. The optimum temperature for growth is 37°C . Organisms will not withstand heating at 60°C for 15 min. Chemoorganotrophic , having a fermentative type of carbohydrate metabolism. Fermentation end products include acetic and lactic acids; the amount of succinic acid produced may vary from species to species and may even be difficult to detect. Catalase‐negative. Nitrate reduction is usually negative. Characteristic amino acids of the cell‐wall peptidoglycan of those species whose peptidoglycan has been examined in detail are based on L ‐lysine. Other chemotaxonomic properties include rhamnose as diagnostic whole‐cell sugar, lack of mycolic acids and N ‐acetylated muramic acid residue of the peptidoglycan. DNA G+C content (mol%) : 50–63.8 ( T m , HPLC). Type species : Arcanobacterium haemolyticum Collins, Jones and Schofield 1983, 438 VP (Effective publication: Collins, Jones and Schofield 1982b, 1280).

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A rcanobacterium

Lämmler¹,

Sammra²,

Kämpfer³

et al. 2020

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Ar.ca.no.bac.te'ri.um. L. masc. adj. arcanus secret, hidden, secretive; N.L. neut. n. bacterium a small rod; N.L. neut. n. Arcanobacterium secretive bacterium. Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Actinomycetales / Actinomycetaceae / Arcanobacterium Slender, irregular, bacillary forms predominate during the first 18 h of growth; many cells are arranged at an angle to give V formations. As growth proceeds, cells become granular and segmented so that they resemble small and irregular cocci. Both rods and coccoid cells are Gram‐stain‐positive, non‐acid‐fast, and nonmotile; endospores are not formed. Facultatively anaerobic; growth is considerably enhanced in an atmosphere of increased CO 2 tension. Growth is sparse on ordinary media, but enhanced by blood or serum. The optimum temperature for growth is 37°C. Organisms will not withstand heating at 60°C for 15 min. Chemoorganotrophic, having a fermentative type of carbohydrate metabolism. Fermentation end products include acetic and lactic acids; the amount of succinic acid produced may vary from species to species and may even be difficult to detect. Catalase‐positive and ‐negative. Nitrate reduction is usually negative. Characteristic amino acids of the cell‐wall peptidoglycan of those species whose peptidoglycan has been examined in detail are based on l ‐lysine. Other chemotaxonomic properties include rhamnose and glucose as diagnostic whole‐cell sugars, lack of mycolic acids, and N ‐acetylated muramic acid residue of the peptidoglycan and MK‐9 (H 4 ) as the major respiratory quinone. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 50–57. Type species : Arcanobacterium haemolyticum Collins et al. 1982b, VL10.

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The Mutation of Corynebacterium pyogenes to Corynebacterium haemolyticum

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

Chemical Studies as a Guide to the Classification of Corynebacterium pyogenes and 'Corynebacterium haemolyticum'

Chemical Studies as a Guide to the Classification of Corynebacterium pyogenes and 'Corynebacterium haemolyticum'

Arcanobacterium

A rcanobacterium

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