The nambour skin cancer and actinic eye disease prevention trial: Design and baseline characteristics of participants

Green, Adèle C.; Battistutta, Diana; Hart, Veronica; Leslie, David; Marks, Geoffrey C.; Williams, Gail M.; Gaffney, PT; Parsons, Peter G.; Hirst, Lawrence W.; Frost, Christine; Orrell, Elizabeth; Durham, Kathryn; Lang, Carolyn

doi:10.1016/0197-2456(94)90008-6

Cited by 94 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Details of skin cancer assessment methods during the trial and subsequent follow-up have been described previously (Green et al, 1994(Green et al, , 1999Valery et al, 2004). In summary, participants received full skin examinations by dermatologists unaware of treatment allocation at the start (1992), midway (1994) and at the finish (1996) of the trial.…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed descriptions of the community sample, the trial and its outcomes have been reported previously (Green et al, 1994(Green et al, , 1999. In summary, the Nambour Skin Cancer Prevention Trial was a two by two factorial design, randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effectiveness of daily consumption of b-carotene tablets and daily application of sunscreen in preventing skin cancer.…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food intake and risk of basal cell carcinoma in an 11-year prospective study of Australian adults

et al. 2010

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Background/Objective: Experimental studies suggest that dietary factors may influence skin cancer risk, but there have been few human studies of diet and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common type of skin cancer. The objective was to prospectively investigate the association between food intake and incidence of BCC skin cancers. Subjects/Methods: At baseline in 1992, 1056 adults in a subtropical Australian community completed a validated foodfrequency questionnaire from which we estimated the intake of 15 food groups, selected based on hypothesized associations in the literature. Between 1992 and 2002, incident, histologically confirmed BCCs were recorded in terms of number of persons newly affected by BCC, as well as BCC tumor counts. Results: Intakes of the food groups were not associated with the incidence of persons affected by BCC. However, there was a borderline positive association between intake of eggs and incidence of BCC tumors (highest vs lowest tertile adjusted relative risk (RR) 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-2.2; P for trend ¼ 0.06). A borderline inverse association with potato intake (highest vs lowest tertile RR 0.7; 95% CI: 0.4-1.0, P for trend ¼ 0.06) disappeared after exclusion of three subjects with more than 10 BCCs. Conclusion: Despite some suggestive evidence that egg and potato consumption may be associated with BCC tumor incidence, there are no plausible grounds for considering these as truly causal rather than chance associations. This study provides little evidence for a role of food intake in BCC prevention.

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Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food intake and risk of basal cell carcinoma in an 11-year prospective study of Australian adults

et al. 2010

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“…The main focus of the Nambour Skin Cancer Study was a randomised controlled field trial of b-carotene and sunscreen use for the prevention of keratinocytic skin cancer conducted in the township of Nambour, 100 km north of Brisbane (Green et al, 1994;1999). In 1992, prior to the beginning of the trial (baseline), a subset of the Nambour Skin Cancer Study group was randomly selected to participate in a dietary intake validation study (Ashton et al, 1996).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a food-frequency questionnaire assessment of carotenoid and vitamin E intake using weighed food records and plasma biomarkers: The method of triads model

et al. 2004

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Background: Reliability or validity studies are important for the evaluation of measurement error in dietary assessment methods. An approach to validation known as the method of triads uses triangulation techniques to calculate the validity coefficient of a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Objective: To assess the validity of an FFQ estimates of carotenoid and vitamin E intake against serum biomarker measurements and weighed food records (WFRs), by applying the method of triads. Design: The study population was a sub-sample of adult participants in a randomised controlled trial of b-carotene and sunscreen in the prevention of skin cancer. Dietary intake was assessed by a self-administered FFQ and a WFR. Nonfasting blood samples were collected and plasma analysed for five carotenoids (a-carotene, b-carotene, b-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene) and vitamin E. Correlation coefficients were calculated between each of the dietary methods and the validity coefficient was calculated using the method of triads. The 95% confidence intervals for the validity coefficients were estimated using bootstrap sampling. Results: The validity coefficients of the FFQ were highest for a-carotene (0.85) and lycopene (0.62), followed by b-carotene (0.55) and total carotenoids (0.55), while the lowest validity coefficient was for lutein (0.19). The method of triads could not be used for b-cryptoxanthin and vitamin E, as one of the three underlying correlations was negative. Conclusions: Results were similar to other studies of validity using biomarkers and the method of triads. For many dietary factors, the upper limit of the validity coefficients was less than 0.5 and therefore only strong relationships between dietary exposure and disease will be detected.

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“…During a physical examination in 1996, elastosis of the neck was recorded as a measure of long-term sun exposure history. Detailed descriptions of the community sample, the field trial, and its outcomes have been reported previously (16,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between 1992 and 1996, 1,621 of these adults participated in a field trial to evaluate the role of a daily 30 mg h-carotene supplement and daily sunscreen use in skin cancer prevention (16,17). In a two-by-two factorial design, participants were randomly allocated to taking daily either the hcarotene supplement or a placebo tablet (blinded) and daily sunscreen use or continuation of their usual sunscreen use habits (discretionary sunscreen use).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Antioxidants and Skin Cancer Risk: An 8-Year Community-Based Follow-up Study

Pols

Heinen

Hughes

et al. 2009

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Antioxidant nutrients can help prevent skin damage caused by ultraviolet radiation from sunlight, but it is not clear whether serum concentrations of such nutrients influence skin cancer risk. Methods: We carried out a prospective study of the associations between serum concentrations of antioxidant nutrients and incidence (person-based and tumorbased) of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin among a random subsample of 485 adults from an Australian community. Participants were divided into thirds, ranked according to their serum concentrations of carotenoids, A-tocopherol, and selenium measured in 1996 and were monitored for incident, histologically confirmed BCC and SCC tumors until 2004. Results: Although there were no associations between baseline serum carotenoids or A-tocopherol concentrations and incidence of BCC or SCC, baseline serum

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The nambour skin cancer and actinic eye disease prevention trial: Design and baseline characteristics of participants

Cited by 94 publications

References 26 publications

Food intake and risk of basal cell carcinoma in an 11-year prospective study of Australian adults

Food intake and risk of basal cell carcinoma in an 11-year prospective study of Australian adults

Validation of a food-frequency questionnaire assessment of carotenoid and vitamin E intake using weighed food records and plasma biomarkers: The method of triads model

Serum Antioxidants and Skin Cancer Risk: An 8-Year Community-Based Follow-up Study

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