The name-pronunciation effect: Why people like Mr. Smith more than Mr. Colquhoun

Laham, Simon M.; Koval, Peter; Alter, Adam L.

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2011.12.002

Cited by 115 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For instance, people judge easy-to-pronounce name bearers more favorably than difficultto-pronounce name bearers (Laham, Koval, & Alter, 2012), more readily believe statements made by bearers of easy-to-pronounce names (Newman et al, 2014), and evaluate essays written in a legible handwriting more favorably than essays written in a less legible handwriting (Greifeneder et al, 2010). Even the effect of imagined pleasant contact with an outgroup MORE-LESS ASYMMETRY 8 member has been shown to depend on fluency experiences during the imagined contact, with high fluency reducing prejudice and low fluency potentially enhancing it (West & Bruckmüller, 2013).…”

Section: Consequences Of Cognitive Fluencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, when judging how credible a source is, they might ask themselves how they feel about the source. If they experience a subtle negative feeling, they rate the source as less credible -not realizing that this feeling was not caused by the credibility of the source, but by the difficulty they experienced when pronouncing this person's name (Laham et al, 2012). We assume that people will similarly draw on meta-cognitive experiences of fluency or disfluency while processing 'more than' and 'less than' statements when they judge the respective statements.…”

Section: Consequences Of Cognitive Fluencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inspired by research showing that people prefer more fluently processed stimuli over stimuli that are more difficult to process (e.g., Laham et al, 2012;Reber et al, 2004;Winkielmann & Cacioppo, 2001) we hypothesized that people prefer a 'more than' over a 'less than' framing in their own comparisons and in their evaluation of comparisons stated by others.…”

Section: Present Research and Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Less is more? Think again! A cognitive fluency-based more–less asymmetry in comparative communication.

Hoorens¹,

Bruckmüller²

2015

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Differences between groups, individuals, or objects can be framed in multiple ways. One can, for instance, say that men generally earn more than women or that women generally earn less than men. Showing that these logically equivalent expressions are not psychologically equivalent, we demonstrate a robust more–less asymmetry in the use of and responses to comparative statements. More specifically, we show that people use “more than” statements more often than “less than” statements (Study 1); like “more than” statements better (Studies 2 and 3), agree more with opinions expressed through “more than” statements (Studies 4 and 5), and are more likely to consider factual “more than” statements to be true (Study 6). Supporting a cognitive fluency explanation, a manipulation that makes people expect disfluency while processing “less than” statements reduces this otherwise robust more–less asymmetry (Study 7). By combining comparative framing effects with cognitive fluency, the present research brings together 2 research fields in social cognition, shedding new light on both.

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Section: Consequences Of Cognitive Fluencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequences Of Cognitive Fluencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Present Research and Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Less is more? Think again! A cognitive fluency-based more–less asymmetry in comparative communication.

Hoorens¹,

Bruckmüller²

2015

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…For example, psychologists have shown that first names closer to those in host societies are associated with positive attitudes among host populations in general (Kang, 1971, Drury andMcCarthy, 1980) and more specifically among employers, coworkers and customers (Laham et al, 2011). Economists have shown that more common names result in better educational (Figlio, 2005) and labor market success, due to reduced 5 discrimination (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economic Payoff of Name Americanization

Biavaschi

Giulietti

Siddique

2017

Journal of Labor Economics

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We examine the impact of the Americanization of names on the labor market outcomes of migrants. We construct a novel longitudinal data set of naturalization records in which we track a complete sample of migrants who naturalize by 1930. We find that migrants who Americanized their names experienced larger occupational upgrading. Some, such as those who changed to very popular American names like John or William, obtained gains in occupationbased earnings of at least 14%. We show that these estimates are causal effects by using an index of linguistic complexity based on Scrabble points as an instrumental variable that predicts name Americanization. We conclude that the tradeoff between individual identity and labor market success was present since the early making of modern America JEL CLASSIFICATIONJ61, J62, Z1, N32 KEYWORDSAmericanization, names, assimilation, migration EDITORIAL NOTEDr Costanza Biavaschi is a Research Associate and Deputy Program Director for the Migration Area at the Institute for the Study of Labor, Germany. Costanza's research interests are in labor economics and applied econometrics, with a focus on return migration, the dynamics of migration choices, and the selection of migrants.Dr Corrado Giulietti is Director of Research at the Institute for the Study of Labor, Germany. Corrado is also a Research Associate of the ESRC Centre for Population Change. His research interests are labor economics and applied econometrics, with a focus on the determinants of migration, the labor market and welfare effects of migration, the assimilation of immigrants, and the estimation of migration flows.Dr Zahra Siddique is a Lecturer in economics at the University of Reading, UK. Zahra's research interests are in micro-econometrics, labor economics and development economics. II ESRC Centre for Population ChangeThe ESRC Centre for Population Change (CPC) is a joint initiative between the Universities of Southampton, St Andrews, Edinburgh, Stirling, Strathclyde, in partnership with the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and the National Records of Scotland (NRS). The Centre is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) grant numbers RES-625-28-0001 and ES/K007394/1. This working paper series publishes independent research, not always funded through the Centre. The views and opinions expressed by authors do not necessarily reflect those of the CPC, ESRC, ONS or NRS.Website | Email | Twitter | Facebook | Mendeley ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe authors would like to thank participants at the 10th IZA Annual Migration Meeting, the 4th TEMPO conference on international migration, the Essex Fresh meeting as well as seminar participants at IZA, the University of Reading, Tsinghua University and the University of Southampton for their helpful comments. This draft has greatly benefitted from comments by Benjamin Elsner, Lidia Farré, Jesús Fernández-Huertas Moraga, Daniel Hamermesh, Carolyn Moehling, Andrew Oswald, Núria Rodríguez-Planas, Todd Sorensen, Derek Stemple, Christopher Taber, and Konstantinos Ta...

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“…For instance, wanting to change one’s name because the original name is hard to pronounce[87] makes sense to a clinician, but wanting to be renamed Clark Kent “Because I am able to unleash supernatural powers”, will arouse alarm. Psychiatrist and philosopher, Karl Jaspers (1883-1969) wrote, “the mentally ill person surely has as much right to be illogical as the healthy one”[88], and this is worth keeping in mind, but what is more important than logic is safety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity and schizophrenia: Who do I want to be?

Seeman

2017

WJP

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Many individuals with schizophrenia have occasional difficulty defining both to themselves and to others who they truly are. Perhaps for this reason they make attempts to change core aspects of themselves. These attempts may be delusional, but are too often unjustly dismissed as delusional before the potential value of the change is considered. Instead of facilitation, obstacles are placed in the way of hoped-for body modifications or changes of name or of religious faith. This paper discusses the various changes of identity sometimes undertaken by individuals with schizophrenia who may or may not be deluded. Ethical and clinical ramifications are discussed. The recommendation is made that, when clinicians respond to requests for help with identity change, safety needs to be the main consideration.

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The name-pronunciation effect: Why people like Mr. Smith more than Mr. Colquhoun

Cited by 115 publications

References 27 publications

Less is more? Think again! A cognitive fluency-based more–less asymmetry in comparative communication.

Less is more? Think again! A cognitive fluency-based more–less asymmetry in comparative communication.

The Economic Payoff of Name Americanization

Identity and schizophrenia: Who do I want to be?

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