The NANOSPONGES: AN INNOVATIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Abstract

For prolonged time there is a delusion for efficacious targeted drug delivery system, but the chemistry hold complex form had made situations thorny, but the development of new colloidal carrier called nanosponges (NSs) likely circumvent these problems. NSs are the nanoporous particles that can entangle a huge range of material and then be engulfed into a suitable formulation depend on the route of administration. They prevent the drug-protein degradation, lengthen the drug release in a controlled manner, and release the medicament to the target site. They can travel around the body and attach on the surface and liberate the drug in a controlled and predictable manner at the specific target site. They are fine aqueous solubility which makes them a bearer for low water-soluble drugs. Drugs having low bioavailability are best suited for this type of carrier system. Both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs can be included in NSs. Particle size can change from smaller to bigger by varying the amount of crosslinker to the polymer. Various applications of NSs such as recovering bioavailability of active ingredient molecule and delivery of active ingredient into oral, topical, parenteral, and nasal route make them a superior candidate for targeted delivery of drugs. It can be used as a shipper for biocatalysts in the transport and release of enzymes, proteins, vaccines, and antibodies. They can be prepared by different methods such as emulsion solvent diffusion method, melt method, ultrasound-assisted method, Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method. This analysis is focusing on the advantages, formulation, evaluation, application, and patent report of the NSs.

Application of Several Nano Carriers to Improve the Solubility and the Bioavailability of Carvedilol

“…Nano sponges are a new type of hypercrosslinked polymer that polymeric dispersion lyophilized to give porous solid structure based colloidal structure made up of colloidal-sized solid nanoparticles and nanosized voids. its range of dimensions (1µm or less), They are nontoxic, porous particles that are insoluble in most organic solvents and can withstand temperatures of up to 300°C and a pH range of (1 -11), Because of their 3D structure, which includes nanometric-sized voids and variable polarity, they can catch, transport, and selectively release a wide range of chemicals also Crystal structure of nanosponge plays a very important role in their complexation with drugs 68 . a-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC): a well-known polysaccharide-mucoadhesive, water-soluble, ionizable polymer in which the glucose units of the cellulose chain are substituted with -CH2COOH groups 69 70 .…”

A Novel Revolutionary Approach of a Synthesis and Application of Targeted Nanosponge Drug Delivery

“…a) the drug encapsulated nanosponge provides a pharmacological action to the targeted site delivery system [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Formulation and Evaluation of Ibrutinib Nanosponges Incoporated Tablet

“…These microscopic particles are capable of carrying both hydrophilic and lipophilic substances and of enhancing the solubility of poorly watersoluble molecules [1]. Nanosponge shows a potential future in the coming years due to its variety of pharmaceutical applications like, extended-release, better product performance, elegance, improved physical, thermal and chemical stability, and reduced irritation [2]. Nanosponges are characterized by being highly stable and having the ability to carry both hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic drugs [3].…”