The nasal microbiota in health and disease: variation within and between subjects

Biswas, Kristi; Hoggard, Michael; Jain, Ravi; Taylor, Michael W.; Douglas, Richard

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00134

Cited by 156 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Molecular techniques identify significantly more organisms than standard cultures [1–5], shedding light on complex bacterial communities within healthy sinuses that had previously been assumed to be sterile. The normal microbiota of the sinuses is currently not well defined and appears to vary widely among individuals [2, 6–8]. Evidence suggests that diminished bacterial diversity and richness are associated with CRS [2, 5, 6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal instability of the post-surgical maxillary sinus microbiota

et al. 2018

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BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory disorder in which the role of bacteria remains uncertain. While sinus outflow obstruction is often an initiating event, mucosal inflammation and dysbiosis may persist or develop in sinuses with widely patent surgical openings. Understanding of the relationship between dysbiosis and chronic sinus inflammation is obfuscated by inter-individual microbiota variability and likely intra-individual temporal variation that has yet to be defined. In this study, long-term microbiota stability is investigated within surgically-opened maxillary sinuses of individuals with and without sinus inflammatory disease.MethodsMaxillary sinus swabs were performed in 35 subjects with longstanding maxillary antrostomies. Subjects with and without active chronic maxillary sinusitis were included. Repeat swabs were obtained from the same sinuses after a prolonged interval (mean 719 ± 383 days). Patients were categorized based on the inflammatory status of the sinus mucosa at times of sample collection, as assessed by nasal endoscopy. Total DNA from swab eluents was extracted, and the microbiota characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing followed by taxonomic classification. Prevalence and abundance of genera were determined by analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Taxa were identified that were stably present between two time points in individual subjects.ResultsThe overall proportion of stable taxa across time points was 24.5 ± 10.6%. This stability index was consistent across patient groups and not correlated with clinical parameters. Highly prevalent taxa, including Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, and Pseudomonas, were often stably present, but varied in relative abundance. Janthinobacterium, Enterobacter, Lactobacillus, and Acinetobacter were prevalent and moderately abundant taxa in healthy sinuses, but not in inflamed sinuses. Moraxella and Haemophilus were present at low prevalence and proportional abundance in chronically or intermittently inflamed sinuses, but not in healthy sinuses.ConclusionsA relatively small component of the post-antrostomy maxillary sinus microbiota exhibits long-term stability in individual subjects. Stable bacteria include a limited number of highly prevalent and a larger number of lower prevalence taxa, which vary widely in proportional abundance. The concept of individual-specific core sinus microbiota, durable over time and medical therapy, but fluctuating in proportional abundance, has implications for understanding the role of bacteria in CRS pathogenesis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3272-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal instability of the post-surgical maxillary sinus microbiota

et al. 2018

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“…442 Yan et al 441 demonstrated differences between microbiota of the anterior nares vs the deeper anatomic subsites, but a thorough comparison within the sinuses has yet to be published. In contrast to the rich assemblages of bacteria that populate the sinuses in the healthy state, CRS patients are colonized by a similar quantity of bacteria overall, but display qualitatively different microbial communities than their healthy counterparts.…”

Section: S55mentioning

confidence: 99%

International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis

Orlandi

Kingdom

Hwang

et al. 2016

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

557

888

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Background:The body of knowledge regarding rhinosinusitis (RS) continues to expand, with rapid growth in number of publications, yet substantial variability in the quality of those presentations. In an effort to both consolidate and critically appraise this information, rhinologic experts from around the world have produced the International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR:RS). Methods:Evidence-based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs) were developed for scores of topics, using previously reported methodology. Where existing evidence was insufficient for an EBRR, an evidence-based review (EBR) was produced. The sections were then synthesized and the entire manuscript was then reviewed by all authors for consensus. Results:The resulting ICAR:RS document addresses multiple topics in RS, including acute RS (ARS), chronic RS (CRS) with and without nasal polyps (CRSwNP and CRSsNP), recurrent acute RS (RARS), acute exacerbation of CRS (AE-CRS), and pediatric RS. Conclusion:As a critical review of the RS literature, ICAR:RS provides a thorough review of pathophysiology and evidence-based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment. It also demonstrates the significant gaps in our understanding of the pathophysiology and optimal management of RS. Too o en the foundation upon which these recommendations are based is comprised of lowerlevel evidence. It is our hope that this summary of the evidence in RS will point out where additional research efforts may be directed. C 2016 ARS-AAOA, LLC. Key Words:rhinosinusitis; chronic rhinosinusitis; acute rhinosinusitis; recurrent acute rhinosinusitis; evidence-based medicine; systematic review; endoscopic sinus surgery List of Abbreviations Used

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“…Swab samples were thawed on ice and placed into a sterile Lysing Matrix E tube (MP Biomedicals, Australia). Genomic DNA was extracted from the paired swabs using the AllPrep DNA/RNA isolation kit (Qiagen), as described previously (36). A negative extraction control to test for contamination originating from the DNA isolation kit was carried out in triplicate using 200 l of sterile water.…”

Section: Patient Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

et al. 2016

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bChronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) presents with purulent otorrhea (ear discharge), is characterized by chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, and contributes to a significant disease burden worldwide. Current antibiotic therapy is guided by swab culture results. In the absence of detailed molecular microbiology studies of CSOM patients, our current understanding of the microbiota of CSOM (and indeed of the healthy ear) remains incomplete. In this prospective study, 24 patients with CSOM were recruited, along with 22 healthy controls. Culture-based techniques and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were used to profile the bacterial community for each patient. Comparisons between patients with and without cholesteatoma in the middle ear and mastoid cavity were also made. A major finding was that the middle ear of many healthy controls was not sterile, which is contradictory to the results of previous studies. However, sequencing data showed that Staphylococcus aureus, along with a range of other Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, were present in all subgroups of CSOM and healthy controls. Large interpatient variability in the microbiota was observed within each subgroup of CSOM and controls, and there was no bacterial community "signature" which was characteristic of either health or disease. Comparisons of the culture results with the molecular data show that culture-based techniques underestimate the diversity of bacteria found within the ear. This study reports the first detailed examination of bacterial profiles of the ear in healthy controls and patients with CSOM.

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The nasal microbiota in health and disease: variation within and between subjects

Cited by 156 publications

References 81 publications

Temporal instability of the post-surgical maxillary sinus microbiota

Temporal instability of the post-surgical maxillary sinus microbiota

International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis

Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

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