The national measurement system for cryogenics

Abstract

"Concurrently with the growth and industrialization of this nation, there has developed within it a vast, complex system of measurement which has made possible the very growth that brought the system into being. This National Measurement System (NMS) stands today as one of the key elements in a worldwide measurement system that links all major nations together in a consistent, compatible network for communication and trade."Briefly stated, the essential function of the NMS is to provide a quantitative basis in measurement for (i) This study documents the impact, status and trends of the cryogenic measurement system and specifically illustrates these characteristics wherever possible with a specific case study, a recently completed measurements and data program for the flowmetering of liquid nitrogen.

Structure and functions of the National Measurement System

“…Equity in taxation, ratner than equity in trade, has in some cases been the primary stimulus for expansion of the weights and measures enforcement aspect of the National Measurement System, and has even been a primary driving force for substantial innovations in metrology at the National Bureau of Standards. The story of cryogenic flow-metering of liquid nitrogen is an outstanding example [269]. Table 13.…”

“…The Geological Survey provides a central calibration service for aerial cameras [301]. The Coast Guard is effectively the central measurements standards authority with respect to tankships for liquified natural gas [269].…”