The National Security Implications of HIV/AIDS

Feldbaum, Harley; Lee, Kelley; Patel, Preeti

doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030171

Cited by 53 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For instance, among United States Armed Forces, persons who were younger, women, soldiers (enlisted and officers), and unmarried had higher STI rates across 13 years of surveillance [2]. While it appears that HIV infection has decreased among military members, current estimates lead many to categorize service members as a high risk group [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/STI Prevalence Study Among Military Conscripts in Estonia

2014

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Risk taking behavior and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) research outcomes vary among militaries. A common theme indicates STI prevalence and risk taking among military personnel is higher than the general population. Alcohol and drug misuse is well documented. From these behaviors, high-risk sexual encounters increase. Exploring STI prevalence, knowledge, and risk behaviors among conscripted military forces, we recruited 584 conscripts from a defense force in Eastern Europe. The observed STI prevalence in the young, male conscripts was equal or less than their non-conscripted counterparts. Military entry screenings could reduce STIs, creating a healthier population. However, these findings remain informative as the notion of high STI rates among military forces is not supported. As this study was one of the first of its type in the region, it demonstrates the ability of a nation to secure their defense forces against HIV/STIs even in the face of increased prevalence within that nation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/STI Prevalence Study Among Military Conscripts in Estonia

2014

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“…The impact of health on education (Bundy 2011) also has value beyond the direct economic benefits that follow, and good health can contribute to political participation, political stability, and national and global security (Kassalow 2001;Feldbaum et al 2006;McInnes and Rushton 2010;Mattila et al 2013). With respect to the natural environment, a healthy population may have a greater capacity to adapt to changes in climate and other environmental changes; and reduced child mortality and increased life expectancy may contribute to lower fertility rates and thereby promote a sustainable world population (Shenk et al 2013;Stephenson et al 2013).…”

Section: Shared Responsibilities For Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global health financing: Priority to poor people or poor countries?

Onarheim¹,

Gopinathan²

2017

Tidsskriftet

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“…While Price- Smith (2001; and others (Rodier et al 2007) have argued that infectious diseases, in particular, constitute part of a post-Cold War and post-9/11 "new security agenda," Fidler (2003) explores the different meanings of security and the normative basis for linking the health and security policy agendas. This approach is also taken by Elbe (2006), Feldbaum et al (2006), and others (McInnes and Lee 2005;Davies 2008;Aldis 2008) who explore the political reasons for the securitization of health issues, such as HIV/AIDS (Ostergard 2007), and the implications for ethics, policy, and practice.…”

Section: Writementioning

confidence: 99%

International Organization and Health/Disease

Lee¹,

Wenham²

2010

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies

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Patterns of health and disease have been relevant to international studies for as long as human populations have migrated across large territorial spaces. After World War II, international health cooperation was accepted as a key function of the newly established United Nations system, with the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO) as the UN specialized agency for health alongside other UN bodies. However, social science scholarship paid little attention to the perceived technical field of health, and thus international health organizations, until the 1970s. The limited scholarship produced during the postwar period was largely by those engaged with international health organizations and was primarily descriptive of technical and legal issues. It was not until debates emerged about the role and effectiveness of WHO, beginning in the 1980s, that scholars began considering the politics of international health cooperation. The adoption of the Declaration of Alma Ata, List of Essential Drugs, and International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes spurred debates about the “politicization” of WHO’s technical mandate. Public health practitioners and social historians contributed reflections on how structural inequalities shape health outcomes, and international organization scholarship introduced critical theoretical approaches to the study of health institutions. Scholars began to locate patterns of health and disease within the broader international political economy. The subsequent proliferation of new institutional arrangements for collective action on health issues, involving both state and non-state actors, generated studies of the distribution of power and responsibilities in an increasingly complex institutional landscape. This led to the concept of global health governance (GHG), with health becoming located within globalization processes, encouraging scholarly links across international relations, social policy, law, and anthropology. A wider range of international organizations, with health-related impacts, were incorporated into GHG scholarship. Concurrently, new theoretical approaches to understanding collective action for global health emerge, notably realist notions of global health security and critical approaches to the construction of GHG. The study of international organization and health since the mid-2000s has focused intense attention on the reform or creation of new institutional arrangements amid major global health crises, acute health inequities, and shared risks. This increasingly rich literature has been informed by diverse normative perspectives.

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The National Security Implications of HIV/AIDS

Abstract: Feldbaum and colleagues look at evidence on the links between HIV and national security, and evaluate the risks and benefits of addressing HIV/AIDS as a national security issue.

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

HIV/STI Prevalence Study Among Military Conscripts in Estonia

HIV/STI Prevalence Study Among Military Conscripts in Estonia

Global health financing: Priority to poor people or poor countries?

International Organization and Health/Disease

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