The nationwide cancer genome screening project in Japan, SCRUM Japan GISCREEN: Efficient identification of cancer genome alterations in advanced biliary tract cancer

Morizane, Chigusa; Takahashi, Hideaki; Ueno, Makoto; Furuse, J.; Kudo, Teruo; Itoh, S.; Shimizu, Satoshi; Nakamura, Kazuyoshi; Kamata, Ken; Ohtsubo, K.; Mizukami, Tomoko; Kagawa, Yutaka; Nomura, Shosaku; Kuwata, Takeshi; Fujii, Satoshi; Okamoto, Wataru; Shitara, K.; Ohtsu, Atsushi; Yoshino, T.

doi:10.1093/annonc/mdy282.007

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In total, 5743 patients with advanced GI cancers, including colorectal (n = 2791), gastric (n = 1141), esophageal (n = 369), pancreatic (n = 652), biliary tract (n = 416), liver (n = 67), small intestine (n = 93), appendiceal (n = 47), anal canal cancers (n = 13), GI stromal tumors (n = 79), and neuroendocrine tumors (n = 75), were enrolled. The landscape of genomic alterations was comparable to that reported in other profiling studies in Western countries, and revealed a high prevalence of mutations in trunk genes such as TP53 , and a considerable number of alterations were detected at a low prevalence showing a “long‐tail” distribution 10‐14 . RNA sequencing performed using the OCA assay aided the successful identification of rare fusions involving ERBB2 , FGFR2 or 3 , RET , ROS1 , NTRK , and others.…”

Section: Gi‐screensupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The landscape of genomic alterations was comparable to that reported in other profiling studies in Western countries, and revealed a high prevalence of mutations in trunk genes such as TP53 , and a considerable number of alterations were detected at a low prevalence showing a “long‐tail” distribution. 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 RNA sequencing performed using the OCA assay aided the successful identification of rare fusions involving ERBB2 , FGFR2 or 3 , RET , ROS1 , NTRK , and others.…”

Section: Gi‐screenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN and MONSTAR‐SCREEN: Path to the realization of biomarker‐guided precision oncology in advanced solid tumors

et al. 2021

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Remarkable advances in precision oncology over the past two decades have highlighted the necessity of performing genotyping for patients with advanced cancers to ensure appropriate therapy selection. Practice guidelines outlined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and European and Japanese Societies of Medical Oncology (ESMO and JSMO) now comprise recommendations for genotyping to guide therapy selection in different cancer types. 1-3 Although an impressive progress has been achieved through the development of biomarker-targeted clinical trials, the pace of precision oncology innovations remains limited by the daunting

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Section: Gi‐screensupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Gi‐screenmentioning

confidence: 99%

SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN and MONSTAR‐SCREEN: Path to the realization of biomarker‐guided precision oncology in advanced solid tumors

et al. 2021

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“…In addition, a Nationwide Cancer Genome Screening Project in Japan is currently ongoing and is recruiting patients with a variety of gastrointestinal cancers, including advanced BTC, with a view to evaluating the frequency of cancer genome alterations using NGS technology (SCRUM-Japan GI-SCREEN). Most recently reported results confirm enrolment of 167 patients into the BTC cohort with successful sequencing of 65.7% of patients suggesting that a nationwide screening system may be an efficient way to detect rare mutations in advanced BTC and provide data which is more representative of the patient population as a whole [106]. The successful sequencing of the majority of screened patients is reassuring given difficulties in obtaining good quality tissue from biopsies of BTC.…”

Section: Overcoming the Challenges For Precision Medicine In Rare Canmentioning

confidence: 66%

Broadening the therapeutic horizon of advanced biliary tract cancer through molecular characterisation

Athauda

Fong

Lau

et al. 2020

Cancer Treatment Reviews

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Biliary tract cancers (BTC) comprise a group of rare and heterogeneous poor-prognosis tumours with the incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma increasing over recent years. Combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin is the established first-line treatment for advanced BTC with a significant but modest survival advantage over monotherapy. There remains no accepted standard treatment in the second-line setting, although recent results from a randomised study have shown a survival benefit with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin chemotherapy. Historically, clinical trials investigating targeted therapies in unselected BTC have failed to demonstrate significant clinical benefit. More recently, advancement in molecular exploration of BTC has shed light on the complex biological heterogeneity within these tumours and has also identified actionable genomic aberrations, such as fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene fusions, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and BRAF mutations, which offer promise with the anticipation of increased responses and durable clinical benefit in selected patients. Several targeted drugs have now entered clinical development with some encouraging results being seen. Here we review the current and rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape of advanced BTC, including targeted therapies and immunotherapy. We also discuss how recent efforts and successes in BTC are overcoming the obstacles typically associated with precision medicine in rare cancers. Ultimately, the management of advanced BTC is likely to become molecularly selected in the near future with the hope of finally improving the bleak prognosis of patients with this disease.

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“…First, the frequency of HER2 amplification is normally <10% in GI cancer; except for gastric cancer. 34,58,65,113 To address this issue, broad screening using NGS and several basket trials, such as MyPathway, have recently been applied. 42,67 In Japan, a nationwide cancer genome screening project, GI-SCREEN, has been in place since 2015, with more than 5,000 genome sequencing results from GI cancer tissue samples generated to date.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Project in Japan, for metastatic BTC (mBTC) samples analysed by NGS, HER2 amplification was detected in three of 92 tumours (3.3%) 65. Another comprehensive genomic profiling study of 260 BTCs demonstrated that HER2 mutation was identified in 4-5%, and was mutually exclusive to RAS, BRAF and NF1 mutations 66.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development ofHER2-targeted Therapies for Gastrointestinal Cancer

Sawada¹,

Nakamura²,

Shitara³

2020

European Oncology &Amp; Haematology

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The nationwide cancer genome screening project in Japan, SCRUM Japan GISCREEN: Efficient identification of cancer genome alterations in advanced biliary tract cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN and MONSTAR‐SCREEN: Path to the realization of biomarker‐guided precision oncology in advanced solid tumors

SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN and MONSTAR‐SCREEN: Path to the realization of biomarker‐guided precision oncology in advanced solid tumors

Broadening the therapeutic horizon of advanced biliary tract cancer through molecular characterisation

Development ofHER2-targeted Therapies for Gastrointestinal Cancer

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