The natural history of amine oxidases

Blaschko, H.

doi:10.1007/bfb0034294

Cited by 140 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 260 publications

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“…The indoleamine in retina appears to be a ready substrate for MAO. This enzyme will not easily oxidize arylalkylamines with N substituents larger than CH, (Blaschko, 1974). These data strongly suggest that the indoleamine present in chick retinae is 5-HT.…”

Section: -Hydroxytryptamine In Chick Retina But Significant Amounts mentioning

confidence: 83%

Evidence for a neurotransmitter role for 5-hydroxytryptamine in chick retina

Parkinson¹,

Rando²

1981

J. Neurosci.

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Retinal 5-hydroxytryptamine levels were reduced by local injection of a-fluoromethyldopa, an inhibitor of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, or reserpine, indicating that this amine is both synthesized and stored in this tissue. The retinae of light-adapted chicks have higher levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine and its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, than dark-adapted animals. The turnover of 5-hydroxytryptamine appears to be greater in the light after inhibition of synthesis. Conversely, the rate of synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine appears to be greater in the dark. The possible interaction of dopaminergic neurons and the 5-hydroxytryptamine-containing cells and the effect of a-fluoromethyldopa on this relationship are discussed. The data lend support to the notion that 5-hydroxytryptamine in chick retina may have a neurotransmitter function.Much evidence has been accumulated to indicate that the biogenic amines, norepinephrine, dopamine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),3 may be the neurotransmitters for some neurons in the central nervous system. In the vertebrate retina, dopamine has been identified as the possible transmitter for a class of amacrine cells with cell bodies in the inner nuclear layer (Ehinger, 1976). Sufficient 5-HT to justify a possible neuronal role for this amine has been measured only in chick (Suzuki et al., 1975) and bovine retina (Thomas and Redburn, 1979).

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Section: -Hydroxytryptamine In Chick Retina But Significant Amounts mentioning

confidence: 83%

Evidence for a neurotransmitter role for 5-hydroxytryptamine in chick retina

Parkinson¹,

Rando²

1981

J. Neurosci.

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“…For many years there appears to have been a tacit assumption that pyridoxal is the most likely candidate. But Blaschko [1974] was not convinced and recently his doubts seem to have been justified by the discovery that the amine oxidase from bovine plasma con tains a covalently bound prosthetic group identified as pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) [Lobenstein-Verbeek et al, 1984]. There is also considerable uncertainty concerning the dependence on copper in the enzyme mole cule.…”

Section: Semicarbazide-sensitive Amine Oxidasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, considerable uncer tainty surrounds this enzyme group as a re sult of the lack of simple ways of telling them apart. A further complication follows from the close relation they may have with the lysyl oxidase enzymes so important in the biosynthesis of collagen and elastin crosslinking [Blaschko, 1974;Buffoni, 1980;Levene and Carrington, 1985;Lyles and Bertie, 1987], Many substrates may be shared even to the extent, as shown with ox dental pulp [Nakano et al, 1974], that benzylamine and lysyl-vasopressin are both metabolized by SSAO.…”

Section: Semicarbazide-sensitive Amine Oxidasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their shared sensitivity to semicarbazide and related carbonyl reagents [Kapella-Adler, 1970;Blaschko, 1974;Lewinsohn, 1984] has led to the general name of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO; EC 1.4.3.6) being applied to them. They are also relatively immune to inhibi tion by the acetylenic MAO inhibitors such as clorgyline and deprenyl (selegiline).…”

Section: Semicarbazide-sensitive Amine Oxidasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Some Aspects of the Enzymic Inactivation of Sympathomimetic Amines

Callingham¹

1987

J Vasc Res

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This review seeks to discuss the possible importance of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) in terminating the effects of released sympathetic transmitters and in the inactivation of endogenous or administered sympathomimetic amines with particular reference to some aspects of the cardiovascular system. Use of in vitro preparations of blood vessels and of other smooth muscles, such as vas deferens and anococcygeus, has thrown light on possible roles for these deaminating enzymes, even in the inactivation of noradrenaline, while the new reversible inhibitors of MAO-A show promise as antidepressants with a reduced risk of hypertensive crises following the ingestion of tyramine-containing food. However, the role of SSAO in the inactivation of amines remains an enigma, even though much is now known of its biochemical nature. While the pharmacological responses to amine substrates can be potentiated by inhibition of SSAO, there is a suspicion that it is product rather than substrate that is more important.

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“…These enzymes were intensively studied about 30 years ago in the central nervous system (CNS) (Studer et al 1964, Prange et al 1967, Blaschko 1974, Tipton et al 1976. MAOs exsist in two molecular forms: MAO-A and MAO-B; these two forms are different both in specific substrates (Fowler et al 1981, Tipton et al 1983) and inhibitor-sensitivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes of monoaminooxidases in rat cerebellar cortex

Leali¹,

Artico²,

Potenza³

et al. 2009

Eur J Histochem

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Age-related changes of the monoaminoxidases, evaluated by enzymatic staining, quantitative analysis of images, biochemical assay and statistical analysis of data were studied in cerebellar cortex of young (3-month-old) and aged (26-month-old) male Sprague-Dawley rats. The enzymatic staining shows the presence of monoamino-oxidases within the molecular and granular layers as well as within the Purkinje neurons of the cerebellum of young and aged animals. In molecular layer, and in Purkinje neurons the levels of monoaminooxidases were strongly increased in old rats. The granular layer showed, on the contrary, an age-dependent loss of enzymatic staining. These morphological findings were confirmed by biochemical results. The possibility that age-related changes in monoaminooxidase levels may be due to impaired energy production mechanisms and/or represent the consequence of reduced energetic needs is discussed.

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The natural history of amine oxidases

Cited by 140 publications

References 260 publications

Evidence for a neurotransmitter role for 5-hydroxytryptamine in chick retina

Evidence for a neurotransmitter role for 5-hydroxytryptamine in chick retina

Some Aspects of the Enzymic Inactivation of Sympathomimetic Amines

Age-related changes of monoaminooxidases in rat cerebellar cortex

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