The Natural History of Cladocerans in Relation to Temperature. I. Distribution and the Temperature Limits for Vital Activities

Brown, Leland A.

doi:10.1086/280258

Cited by 41 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…However, this movement into cold water might not have been predicted since the optimum temperature of development for D. mugnu is 25°C (Brown 1929). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of temperature and density on the amplitude of vertical migration of Daphnia magna

Calaban

Makarewicz

1982

Limnology & Oceanography

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The amplitude of vertical migration of Daphnia magna from warm to cold water was inhibitcd in thermally stratified columns in acrylic tubes. Changes in water density alone did not affect vertical movement. Abolition of the descending blue dance could not explain the results because the light source had a spectrum shifted to the red region. The magnitude of vertical migration may bc reduced by an avoidance reaction to cold temperatures commonly observed in temperate lakes during summer stratification.

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“…However, this movement into cold water might not have been predicted since the optimum temperature of development for D. mugnu is 25°C (Brown 1929). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of temperature and density on the amplitude of vertical migration of Daphnia magna

Calaban

Makarewicz

1982

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…They continued to produce ephippia until September, with peak production occurring during June and July. This peak occurred during the warmest month (July; data not shown), which could be due to a dependence of productivity on water temperature (Brown 1929), but it may also be a result of the typically high population densities during the summer (personal observations). The rapid initiation of ephippium production in the spring and the peak in the summer may also reXect an adaptation to avoid extinction during summer droughts.…”

Section: Phenology Of Ephippium Productionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The influence of pool volume and summer desiccation on the production of the resting and dispersal stage in a Daphnia metapopulation

Altermatt

Ebert

2008

Oecologia

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Dispersal is a key process in metapopulations, as migrants genetically connect populations and enable the colonization of empty habitat patches. Sub-populations may diVer in their numerical contribution of migrants within a metapopulation. This has strong implications on evolutionary and ecological dynamics and has led to two diVerent hypotheses about the Daphnia metapopulation studied here: the assessment by some authors is that subpopulations contribute equally to the production of migrants, while others have postulated long-lived core populations in large "mainland" habitat patches as the dominant source of migrants. We have studied the resting and dispersal stage (ephippium) in a natural Daphnia metapopulation and in mesocosm experiments, and tested for eVects of habitat size and summer desiccation. We found that a 1000-fold increase in rock pool volume resulted on average in only in a 2.8-fold increase in ephippium production. Mesocosm experiments conWrmed these results: a 1000-fold increase of the mesocosms' volume resulted in a 7.2-fold increase in ephippium production. Additionally, we showed that ephippium production did not depend on the initial population size. Thus, populations in small pools may contribute only marginal fewer potential migrants in the whole metapopulation than populations in large pools. In a second mesocosm experiment we found that summer desiccation, which is a typical occurrence in small pools, is not detrimental for the populations. Daphnia hatched out of ephippia that were produced earlier within the same season and built up viable populations again. The substantial production of ephippia by populations in small pools suggests that these populations might be important for both the dynamics and global stability of metapopulations.

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“…Huntsman any difference between summer and winter Calanus. Brown (1929), however, studying Cladocera, has found that northern species and those with spring and autumn maxima have a lower lethal temperature than southern species and those with summer maxima. The effect of temperature on oxygen utilisation by Calanus was measured at intervals of 5°C.…”

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confidence: 99%

On the Biology ofCalanus finmarchicus. Part VI. Oxygen Consumption in Relation to Environmental Conditions

Marshall¹,

Nicholls²,

Orr³

1935

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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SUMMARY1. Experiments have been done to determine the oxygen utilisation by male, female and Stage V Calanus under different environmental conditions.2. An initial fall in the respiration of adult Calanus was observed during the first few hours after capture. Stage V do not show this clearly. It is found more often in winter than in summer.3. The lethal temperature varies from 24° C. in winter to 26° C. in summer. Stage V Calanus are more resistant to high temperatures than adults.4. Respiration rises with increase of temperature from 0° C. to 20° C. The increase does not follow van't Hoff's law. The oxygen consumption of males and females is about the same, while that of Stage V is lower. Above 20° C. there is a harmful effect.5. Within the limits studied (pH 7.4–pH 8.5) change in hydrogen-ion concentration has no effect on respiration.6. Calanus are unaffected by an increase in the oxygen content of the water, but are sensitive to low oxygen tensions. Below a concentration of about 3 ml. per litre the respiration decreases. At concentrations between 1 and 2 ml. per litre they are killed. They are more resistant at 5° C. than at 15° C. and Stage V are more resistant than adults at both these temperatures.7. Calanus can become acclimatised to salinities as low as 35–40% seawater (S=12‰–13.6‰), but their respiration is lowered at a salinity of 50%.8. Light has a striking effect on Calanus. It may increase the respiration by 100% or more. This effect can be detected also in the sea, but not below 5 metres. Continuous exposure to light is harmful.9. The bearing of these results on the distribution of Calanus is discussed.10. From the amount of oxygen used in respiration, calculations of the food required are made and these are compared with the results given by Putter for Calanus and other copepods.

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The Natural History of Cladocerans in Relation to Temperature. I. Distribution and the Temperature Limits for Vital Activities

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of temperature and density on the amplitude of vertical migration of Daphnia magna

The effect of temperature and density on the amplitude of vertical migration of Daphnia magna

The influence of pool volume and summer desiccation on the production of the resting and dispersal stage in a Daphnia metapopulation

On the Biology ofCalanus finmarchicus. Part VI. Oxygen Consumption in Relation to Environmental Conditions

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