The naturalized flora of Brazil: a step towards identifying future invasive non-native species

Zenni, Rafael Dudeque

doi:10.1590/2175-7860201566413

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…2009) and was subsequently invaded by four non‐native African perennial grasses: Melinis minutiflora , Urochloa decumbens , Andropogon guayanus and Hyparrhenia rufa . All these non‐native species have been present in the region for some time and are now considered invasive (Zenni, ; Zenni & Ziller, ). Immediately prior to the experiment we surveyed the area and found that M. minutiflora and U. decumbens were dominant in the area of the experiment (widespread throughout the experimental area with more than 50% plant cover each species), whereas A. guayanus and H. rufa had only a scattered presence (<5% plant cover).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Cerrado is a biodiversity hotspot facing rapid transformations due to deforestation, land conversion and habitat fragmentation (Strassburg et al, ). The Cerrado is also a hotspot of naturalized and invasive species, with more than 200 known widespread naturalized plant species across the biome (Dawson et al, ; Zenni, ; Zenni & Ziller, ). Previous research has documented severe impacts of plant invasions, mainly African grasses, in different Cerrado formations (from grassland, savanna to forest formations).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic impacts of co‐occurring invasive grasses cause persistent effects in the soil‐plant system after selective removal

et al. 2020

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1. Human influence on the environment is so extensive that virtually all ecosystems on the planet are now affected by biological invasions. And, often, ecosystems are invaded by multiple co-occurring non-native species. Hence, it is important to understand the impacts these invasions are producing on biodiversity and ecosystem processes.2. Here, we present results of a 2-year long field experiment where we tested the effects of co-occurring invasive C 4 African grasses in a Cerrado area in central Brazil. We compared plant and arthropod communities, plant biomass, and soil nitrogen dynamics and soil chemical characteristics across five experimental treatments: Urochloa decumbens removal; Melinis minutiflora removal; both U. decumbens and M. minutiflora removal; U. decumbens and M. minutiflora invaded plots; and uninvaded Cerrado. We hypothesized that selective removal of invasive grasses would have distinct effects on the native ecosystem structure and functioning. We expected that each invasive grass would produce a different type of impact on the native ecosystem and that their impacts would be synergistic when co-occurring.3. Removal of M. minutiflora doubled native plant diversity and biomass when compared to invaded plots, whereas removal of U. decumbens did not alter these parameters. Cerrado plots had four times more plant species than plots cleared of invasives. Removal of invasive grasses did not affect the species richness or community composition of soil epigeal fauna. Cerrado soils had lower fertility, organic matter content and pH than invaded soils. The effects were generally higher when both invasive grasses were removed, suggesting impacts were synergistic, but M. minutiflora had greater effects on plants and soils than U. decumbens.Both invasive species produced negative impacts, but a single species was the main driver. We also detected persistent effects of the invasive grass species on the ecosystem after 2 years of removal.4. We conclude that invasive species of the same functional group have similar types of effects in native ecosystems, but the magnitude of impact was largely dependent on | 1103Functional Ecology ZENNI Et al.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic impacts of co‐occurring invasive grasses cause persistent effects in the soil‐plant system after selective removal

et al. 2020

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“…According to these authors, useful information is lost when naturalized and invasive species are excluded from published plant lists (Moro et al 2012). Reviewing the Brazilian flora (BFG 2015), Zenni (2015) diagnosed the presence of nonnative species in all biomes, but especially the Atlantic Forest where the largest number of naturalized species was found. Human actions and activities were directly correlated with the observed patterns of naturalization (Zenni 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management priorities for exotic plants in an urban Atlantic Forest reserve

2018

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Biological diversity is directly affected by alien species, even though the diagnosed impacts vary with scale. Early identification of the invasion of natural patches is essential for effective conservation actions. We aimed to determine the exotic plant species present inside Fontes do Ipiranga State Park (PEFI), an urban protected area located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and their relative proportions of occurrence in the native forest. Our goal was to use these data to assess their invasion status according to specific literature and to define management priorities for them. Therefore, we surveyed the presence of exotic plants within the canopy layer and understory of three native forest areas with different levels of disturbance. We found ten exotic plant species. The species found in both strata (60 %) were considered non-dominant ruderal. We assessed the density:coverage ratio to try to distinguish groups of priority, and found Livistona chinensis, Archontophoenix cunninghamiana, and Syzygium jambos to be classified as high priority for management. The early stage of the invasion process at PEFI indicates it is an area of high conservation value, and so we provide recommendations for management priorities prior to severe changes in the composition of the natural plant community.

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“…Um dos principais indicadores da ação humana sobre ecossistemas é a presença de espécies exóticas invasoras em áreas naturais (ZENNI, 2015;ZENNI et al, 2016). São consideradas exóticas as espécies transportadas de uma dada região geográica para outra em que não ocorreriam naturalmente, independentemente de seu eventual impacto sobre os ecossistemas naturais, sendo o transporte realizado por ação humana intencional ou acidental (LOCKWOOD et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…De fato, conforme demonstrado por Zenni (2015), regiões mais populosas e com menor área natural remanescente tendem a apresentar maior número de espécies invasoras, como é o caso da Floresta Atlântica. No entanto, a despeito do grau de conservação da vegetação e das fortes pressões antrópicas, os remanescentes lorestais exercem papel importante na conservação da biodiversidade da região metropolitana de São Paulo, visto que ainda resguardam rica fonte de propágulos (DAVIES; SHELEY, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Técnicas para controle químico de palmeiras invasoras em Unidade de Conservação na região metropolitana de São Paulo

et al. 2019

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Espécies invasoras prejudicam as comunidades vegetais autóctones por eliminar diretamente as espécies nativas ou por inibir a sua regeneração. Há evidências de que as palmeiras exóticas Livistona chinensis e Archontophoenix cunninghamiana, que colonizam remanescentes de Floresta Atlântica, ameaçam os processos sucessionais da vegetação natural e, portanto, devem ser controladas. Neste estudo, avaliamos a eficácia do controle químico dessas palmeiras exóticas com o herbicida glifosato. Efetuamos o controle químico por meio da injeção de glifosato (ROUNDUP TRANSORB R 30%) no estipe de 30 indivíduos de cada espécie, em dosagens variáveis de acordo com o porte das palmeiras. Os sinais de senescência foram ilustrados, descritos e acompanhados semanalmente até a morte de todas as palmeiras, que demorou 18 semanas para L. chinensis e 29 semanas para A. cunninghamiana. O glifosato mostrou-se eficaz para ambas as espécies e recomendado para o controle de palmeiras adultas de grande porte, as quais devem ser priorizadas no manejo, a fim de eliminar as matrizes responsáveis pela oferta de propágulos.

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The naturalized flora of Brazil: a step towards identifying future invasive non-native species

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Synergistic impacts of co‐occurring invasive grasses cause persistent effects in the soil‐plant system after selective removal

Synergistic impacts of co‐occurring invasive grasses cause persistent effects in the soil‐plant system after selective removal

Management priorities for exotic plants in an urban Atlantic Forest reserve

Técnicas para controle químico de palmeiras invasoras em Unidade de Conservação na região metropolitana de São Paulo

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