The Nature and Consequences of Intra- and Inter-Vaccine Interference

Vidor, Emmanuel

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2007.04.014

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Vaccine interference is, in fact, a common phenomenon and may be exacerbated when the components are antigenically related (42,76,79). However, there is presently no information on how genetically identical but conformationally distinct proteins might interfere in a vaccine setting (73,76).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme Digests Eliminate Nonfunctional Env from HIV-1 Particle Surfaces, Leaving Native Env Trimers Intact and Viral Infectivity Unaffected

Crooks

Tong

Osawa

et al. 2011

J Virol

100

138

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HIV-1 viruses and virus-like particles (VLPs) bear nonnative "junk" forms of envelope (Env) glycoprotein that may undermine the development of antibody responses against functional gp120/gp41 trimers, thereby blunting the ability of particles to elicit neutralizing antibodies. Here, we sought to better understand the nature of junk Env with a view to devising strategies for its removal. Initial studies revealed that native trimers were surprisingly stable in the face of harsh conditions, suggesting that junk Env is unlikely to arise by trimer dissociation or gp120 shedding. Furthermore, the limited gp120 shedding that occurs immediately after synthesis of primary HIV-1 isolate Envs is not caused by aberrant cleavage at the tandem gp120/gp41 cleavage sites, which were found to cleave in a codependent manner. A major VLP contaminant was found to consist of an early, monomeric form of gp160 that is glycosylated in the endoplasmic reticulum (gp160ER) and then bypasses protein maturation and traffics directly into particles. gp160ER was found to bind two copies of monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2G12, consistent with its exclusively high-mannose glycan profile. These findings prompted us to evaluate enzyme digests as a way to remove aberrant Env. Remarkably, sequential glycosidase-protease digests led to a complete or nearcomplete removal of junk Env from many viral strains, leaving trimers and viral infectivity largely intact. "Trimer VLPs" may be useful neutralizing antibody immunogens.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme Digests Eliminate Nonfunctional Env from HIV-1 Particle Surfaces, Leaving Native Env Trimers Intact and Viral Infectivity Unaffected

Crooks

Tong

Osawa

et al. 2011

J Virol

100

138

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Thus, Mass vaccine replication advantage may be interfering with the replication of Ark vaccine viruses early after administration. This finding could be explained by competition for cell receptors as suggested for vaccine interference in multistrain single valence vaccine administration (Vidor, 2007). The minor, more fit for replication in chickens Ark vaccine subpopulations described previously exist in very low proportions within the Ark vaccine used in this study , likely reducing the available infectious viral titre available for efficient replication in the eye-associated tissues of chickens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Interference between IBV serotypes has also been reported previously; a virulent Mass serotype (Mass-41) strain interfered with induction of neutralizing antibody by the milder Conn strain when delivered combined (Winterfield, 1968). The mechanisms of vaccine interference are complex and likely include competition of the viruses for cell receptors (Vidor, 2007). Because only minor virus subpopulations within Ark IBV vaccines are able to replicate efficiently in the upper respiratory tract of chickens (McKinley et al, 2008;Gallardo et al, 2010), the presence of competing and possibly more fit viruses of other IBV serotypes during polyvalent vaccination as occurs in the field during commercial poultry production may interfere with selection and replication of Ark vaccine viruses in vaccinated chickens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Combined infectious bronchitis virus Arkansas and Massachusetts serotype vaccination suppresses replication of Arkansas vaccine virus

et al. 2015

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Polyvalent infectious bronchitis virus vaccination is common worldwide. The possibility of vaccine interference after simultaneous combined vaccination with Arkansas (Ark) and Massachusetts (Mass)-type vaccines was evaluated in an effort to explain the high prevalence of Ark-type infectious bronchitis virus in vaccinated chickens. Chickens ocularly vaccinated with combinations of Ark and Mass showed predominance of Mass vaccine virus before 9 days post-vaccination (DPV) in tears. Even when Mass and Ark vaccines were inoculated into separate eyes, Mass vaccine virus was able to outcompete Ark vaccine virus. Although Mass vaccine virus apparently had a replication advantage over Ark vaccine in ocular tissues, Ark vaccine virus appeared to have an advantage in spreading to and/or replicating in the trachea. When chickens vaccinated with Ark or Mass vaccine were housed together, Mass vaccine virus was able to spread to Ark-vaccinated chickens, but the Ark vaccine was not detected in Mass-vaccinated chickens. Only Mass vaccine was detected in tears of sentinel birds introduced into groups receiving both vaccines. Furthermore, Ark vaccine virus RNA was not detectable until 10 DPV in most tear samples from chickens vaccinated with both Ark and Mass vaccines at varying Ark vaccine doses, while high concentrations of Mass virus RNA were detectable at 3-7 DPV. In contrast, Ark vaccine virus replicated effectively early after vaccination in chickens vaccinated with Ark vaccine alone. The different replication dynamics of Ark and Mass viruses in chickens vaccinated with combined vaccines did not result in reduced protection against Ark challenge at 21 DPV. Further studies are needed to clarify if the viral interference detected determines differences in protection against challenge at other time points after vaccination.

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“…Em geral, a vacinação é o primeiro contato entre veterinário e proprietário, a maioria dos profissionais recomenda o seguinte protocolo: 3 doses para filhotes sendo a primeira entre 6 e 8 semanas, a segunda com 12 semanas e a terceira entre 14 e 16 semanas; depois reforços a cada um ano, com uma vacina multivalente, que evolui desde a tríplice, a sêxtupla, óctupla a dectupla e com uma associação de antígenos que por vezes está orientada por protocolos mais comerciais e menos científicos (VIDOR, 2007 A recomendação de três doses vacinais para os filhotes segue a seguinte lógica: a primeira dose vacinal gera uma resposta menor que a necessária e terá um efeito maior em baixar os níveis de anticorpos maternos, uma vez que esses anticorpos não são suficientes para proteger o indivíduo e atrapalham a sua resposta à vacina; na aplicação da segunda dose conseguese induzir uma produção de anticorpos melhor, se ainda houver anticorpos maternos a interferência será mínima. A terceira dose agirá provocando uma boa resposta humoral e celular, dependendo do tipo de vacina e o desenvolvimento de uma memória suficiente para futuros desafios, em vacinas compostas por antígenos T-dependentes (vírus e alguns epítopos bacterianos).…”

Section: Protocolos Vacinais Atuaisunclassified

A Vacinologia Em Cães E Gatos

Amaro

Maczuga

Caron

2016

AVS

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RESUMO:A vacinação é uma das ferramentas mais utilizadas para defesa das doenças infecciosas e desde a década de 60 os protocolos vacinais e a atenção veterinária se tornaram mais técnicas. Como a maioria dos procedimentos médicos, a vacinação envolve riscos e a ocorrência de reações pós-vacinais aliada ao aprimoramento das vacinas tem estimulado a discussão dos protocolos vacinais para cães e gatos. Para definir um protocolo que atenda da melhor maneira o paciente é necessário conhecer todas as variáveis envolvidas, os fatores relacionados ao hospedeiro, à enfermidade e à vacina. O estilo de vida dos animais de companhia e a disponibilidade de informação de qualidade possibilita o desenvolvimento de protocolos cada vez mais seguros e individualizados, cabendo ao médico veterinário a constante atualização de seus conhecimentos e práticas clínicas. Palavras-chave: protocolos vacinais, imunizaçãoABSTRACT: Vaccination is one of the most commonly used tools for the prevention of infectious diseases and since the 1960s vaccination protocols and the veterinary services have become more technical. Like most medical procedures, vaccination involves risks and the occurrence of post-vaccination reactions coupled with the improvement of vaccines has encouraged discussion of vaccination protocols for dogs and cats. To define a protocol that best meets the patient it is necessary to know all the variables involved, the host factors, factors related to the disease and the factors related to the vaccine. The lifestyle of pets and the availability of quality information allows the development of safer and individualized protocols, requiring the veterinarian to look for the constant updating of their knowledge and clinical practice.

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The Nature and Consequences of Intra- and Inter-Vaccine Interference

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Enzyme Digests Eliminate Nonfunctional Env from HIV-1 Particle Surfaces, Leaving Native Env Trimers Intact and Viral Infectivity Unaffected

Enzyme Digests Eliminate Nonfunctional Env from HIV-1 Particle Surfaces, Leaving Native Env Trimers Intact and Viral Infectivity Unaffected

Combined infectious bronchitis virus Arkansas and Massachusetts serotype vaccination suppresses replication of Arkansas vaccine virus

A Vacinologia Em Cães E Gatos

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