The nature of colored dissolved organic matter in the southern Canada Basin and East Siberian Sea

Guéguen, Céline; McLaughlin, Fiona A.; Carmack, E.; Itoh, Motoyo; Narita, Hisashi; Nishino, Shigeto

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.05.004

Cited by 56 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Fluorescence of components 3 (C3) and 4 (C4) are of proteinaceous origin, namely tyrosine and tryptophan. Excitation/emission peaks of tyrosine-like fluorescence were identified at 270/310 nm and for tryptophan-like fluorescence at 285/330 nm (Stedmon et al, 2003(Stedmon et al, , 2005bYamashita et al, 2008;Kowalczuk et al, 2009;Gueguen et al, 2012) and are similar to previously reported B-and T-peaks identified using "peak-picking" technique (Coble, 1996). Component 5 (C5) with excitation/emission wavelengths of 360/455 nm is similar to the previously reported "C" peak (Coble, 1996).…”

Section: Fluorescence Components From Parafac Analysissupporting

confidence: 66%

“…It may result from biological activity and/or microbial reworking of plankton-derived DOM (Yamashita et al, 2008) and was found to be both sourced from land and produced in the ocean (Murphy et al, 2008). The fluorescence peaks of component 2 (C2) at excitation/emission wavelengths of < 260 (400)/475 nm is similar to previously identified terrestrial humic-like material or "A" peak (Coble, 1996;Stedmon et al, 2003Stedmon et al, , 2005bGueguen et al, 2012;Walker et al, 2009). Fluorescence of components 3 (C3) and 4 (C4) are of proteinaceous origin, namely tyrosine and tryptophan.…”

Section: Fluorescence Components From Parafac Analysissupporting

confidence: 48%

“…The relative intensities of the components were similar at surface and subsurface depths (Table 3) suggesting that the typical fluorescence composition of the middle shelf is maintained in spite its extensive area and the variability in the sinks and sources of the CDOM. Similar humic-like and protein-like fluorophores have been identified in the western Arctic with a humic fluorophore linked to Pacific waters (Gueguen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Dom Characteristics In the Eastern Bering Sea And The Cold Pmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…PARAFAC decomposes an EEM data set into least-squares sum of several mathematically independent components to efficiently resolve and identify the different classes of fluorophores in an environment. Recent studies of EEMs and PARAFAC analysis in the Arctic have identified various humic-like and protein-like fluorophores that have been linked to the Bering Sea waters (Gueguen et al, 2005(Gueguen et al, , 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since waters entering the Arctic through the Bering Strait are modified as they cross the Bering Sea shelf, any changes in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool in the Bering Sea could also impact the sensitive Arctic region, which plays an important role in global carbon cycling (Shaver et al, 1992;Benner et al, 2004). Although Pacific origin waters flowing through the Bering Sea and the Bering Strait have been shown to influence dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and the optical properties of the colored or chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the western Arctic (Cooper et al, 2005;Gueguen et al, 2012), very limited information is available on the characteristics and properties of CDOM of the Bering Sea (Sasaki et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter of the eastern Bering Sea in the summer with special reference to the influence of a cold pool

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) are reported for the inner shelf, slope waters and outer shelf regions of the eastern Bering Sea during the summer of 2008, when a warm, thermally stratified surface mixed layer lay over a cold pool (< 2 • C) that occupied the entire middle shelf. CDOM absorption at 355 nm (a g 355) and its spectral slope (S) in conjunction with excitationemission matrix (EEM) fluorescence and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) revealed large variability in the characteristics of CDOM in different regions of the Bering Sea. PARAFAC analysis aided in the identification of three humic-like (components one, two and five) and two proteinlike (a tyrosine-like component three, and a tryptophanlike component four) components. In the extensive shelf region, average absorption coefficients at 355 nm (a g 355, m −1 ) and DOC concentrations (µM) were highest in the inner shelf (0.342 ± 0.11 m −1 , 92.67 ± 14.60 µM) and lower in the middle (0.226 ± 0.05 m −1 , 78.38 ± 10.64 µM) and outer (0.185 ± 0.05 m −1 , 79.24 ± 18.01 µM) shelves, respectively. DOC concentrations, however were not significantly different, suggesting CDOM sources and sinks to be uncoupled from DOC. Mean spectral slopes S were elevated in the middle shelf (24.38 ± 2.25 µm −1 ) especially in the surface waters (26.87 ± 2.39 µm −1 ) indicating high rates of photodegradation in the highly stratified surface mixed layer, which intensified northwards in the northern middle shelf likely contributing to greater light penetration and to phytoplankton blooms at deeper depths. The fluorescent humic-like components one, two, and five were most elevated in the inner shelf most likely from riverine inputs. Along the productive "green belt" in the outer shelf/slope region, absorption and fluorescence properties indicated the presence of fresh and degraded autochthonous DOM. Near the Unimak Pass region of the Aleutian Islands, low DOC and a g 355 (mean 66.99 ± 7.94 µM; 0.182 ± 0.05 m −1 ) and a high S (mean 25.95 ± 1.58 µm −1 ) suggested substantial photobleaching of the Alaska Coastal Water, but high intensities of humic-like and protein-like fluorescence suggested sources of fluorescent DOM from coastal runoff and glacier meltwaters during the summer. The spectral slope S vs. a g 355 relationship revealed terrestrial and oceanic end members along with intermediate water masses that were modeled using nonlinear regression equations that could allow water mass differentiation based on CDOM optical properties. Spectral slope S was negatively correlated (r 2 = 0.79) with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) for waters extending from the middle shelf into the deep Bering Sea indicating increasing microbial alteration of CDOM with depth. Although our data show that the CDOM photochemical environment of the Bering Sea is complex, our current information on its optical properties will aid in better understanding of the biogeochemical role of CDOM in carbon budgets in relation to the annual sea ic...

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Section: Fluorescence Components From Parafac Analysissupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Fluorescence Components From Parafac Analysissupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Dom Characteristics In the Eastern Bering Sea And The Cold Pmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter of the eastern Bering Sea in the summer with special reference to the influence of a cold pool

et al. 2014

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Absorption and fluorescence of dissolved organic matter in the waters of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Baffin Bay, and the Labrador Sea

Guéguen

Cuss

Cassels

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

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The optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were investigated for the first time in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA), Baffin Bay (BB), and Labrador Sea (LS) as part of the International Polar Year Canada's Three Oceans project (C3O). The dynamics and composition of absorbing DOM (i.e., colored DOM, or CDOM) and fluorescent DOM (FDOM) were evaluated in several distinct water masses occupying the three regions: surface waters, Arctic outflow waters, West Greenland Intermediate waters (WGIW), upper Labrador Sea waters (uLSW), and Bottom Baffin Deep Water (BBDW). Four fluorescent components were identified by applying parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) to 522 excitation emission matrix (EEM) spectra: three humic-like and one protein-like. The FDOM in surface waters of the CAA and BB differed considerably in character from those of the LS, with higher fluorescence intensity in the former. The fluorescence intensities of the two terrestrial humic-like components (C1 and C3) were linearly correlated with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) in the CAA Arctic outflow and the WGIW whereas only humic-like C3 was significantly correlated with AOU in uLSW. These findings suggest that the humic-like components were produced in situ as organic matter was bio-oxidized. The slopes of the linear relationship between humic-like intensity and AOU were significantly greater in the WGIW relative to the Arctic outflow waters, which implies that FDOM in the Arctic-derived deeper layer was less prone to mineralization.

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An approach to estimate the freshwater contribution from glacial melt and precipitation in East Greenland shelf waters using colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM)

2015

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Changes in the supply and storage of freshwater in the Arctic Ocean and its subsequent export to the North Atlantic can potentially influence ocean circulation and climate. In order to understand how the Arctic freshwater budget is changing and the potential impacts, it is important to develop and refine empirical approaches for tracing freshwater contributions. This in turn can help develop and validate model simulations. Arctic rivers are an important source of freshwater and stable oxygen isotope measurements are used to separate contributions from meteoric water (river, glacial, and precipitation) and sea ice melt. We develop this approach further and investigate the use of an additional tracer, colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), which is largely specific to freshwater originating from Arctic rivers. A robust relationship between the freshwater contribution from meteoric water and CDOM is derived from 4 years of measurements in Fram Strait (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012), combined with measurements from the East Greenland shelf and Dijmpha Sound (NE Greenland). Results confirm a high contribution of riverine CDOM in Arctic halocline waters with salinities >31.5 and indicate the importance of shelf processes (riverine input and sea ice formation), while previously, these waters where thought to be derived from open sea processes (cooling and sea ice formation) in the northern Barents and Kara Seas. In Greenlandic coastal waters the meteoric water contribution is influenced by Greenland ice sheet meltwater and deviations from the CDOM-meteoric water relationships found are applied to quantify meltwater contribution along the East Greenland shelf waters (0-13%).

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The nature of colored dissolved organic matter in the southern Canada Basin and East Siberian Sea

Cited by 56 publications

References 59 publications

Absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter of the eastern Bering Sea in the summer with special reference to the influence of a cold pool

Absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter of the eastern Bering Sea in the summer with special reference to the influence of a cold pool

Absorption and fluorescence of dissolved organic matter in the waters of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Baffin Bay, and the Labrador Sea

An approach to estimate the freshwater contribution from glacial melt and precipitation in East Greenland shelf waters using colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM)

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