The Nature of Pressure Adaptation

Nafe, John Paul; Wagoner, Kenneth S.

doi:10.1080/00221309.1941.10544402

Cited by 42 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…2 It has been suggested that pressure adaption might likely occur if tactile cues are presented for more than 200 ms on a single location of human body (see Van Erp and Self, 2008), thus reducing the sensitivity of the skin to the tactile stimuli (Nafe and Wagoner, 1941). effective as to elicit a time-critical response from a driver who is not familiar to the language of verbal warnings.…”

Section: Directional Tactile Warning Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactile warning signals for in-vehicle systems

Meng

Spence

2015

Accident Analysis & Prevention

118

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Section: Directional Tactile Warning Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactile warning signals for in-vehicle systems

Meng

Spence

2015

Accident Analysis & Prevention

118

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“…One reason for the utility of vibration is that stationary touch stimuli tend to adapt rapidly (e.g., Nafe & Wagoner, 1941), so they have to be repeated in order to produce a sensation that will remain in conscious awareness. Repeated pressure or touch impulses can thus create a vibratory stimulus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrotactile localization on the abdomen: Effects of place and space

Cholewiak

Brill

Schwab

2004

Perception & Psychophysics

231

165

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In this study, we explore the conditions for accurate localization of vibrotactile stimuli presented to the abdomen. Tactile orientation systems intended to provide mobility information for people who are blind depend on accurate identification of location of stimuli on the skin, as do systems designed to indicate target positions in space or the status of remotely operated devices to pilots or engineers. The spatial acuity of the skin has been examined for simple touch, but not for the types of vibrating signals used in such devices. The ability to localize vibratory stimuli was examined at sites around the abdomen and found to be a function of separation among loci and, most significantly, of place on the trunk. Neither the structures underlying the skin nor the types of tactor tested appeared to affect localization. Evidence was found for anatomically defined anchor points that provide localization referents that enhance performance even with wide target spacing.

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“…4 support this prediction. Nafe and Wagoner (1941b) report data showing that adaptation occurs after approximately 5-25 sec, depending on the amount of pressure. The data presented in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tactile illusion: The rotating hourglass

Jones

Touchstone

Gettys

1974

Perception & Psychophysics

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A new tactile (more properly termed haptic) illusion, the rotating hourglass, was investigated in the laboratory by rotating a rod end for end between the S's thumb and forefinger. This illusion, which is an apparent decrease in the diameter of the rod at the point of contact with the fingers, was easily observed by 19 of the 20 Ss. When the illusion was studied as a function of time, the magnitude of the illusion increased over time with a mean decrease in apparent diameter of 52.3% from the beginning to the end of the 38-sec trials. A theory of differential adaptation of the skin is postulated to explain the rotating hourglass illusion and a similar illusion.This illusion, which we call the rotating hourglass, is an apparent decrease in the diameter of the part of a rotating rod which is in contact with the finger. Most people can experience a weak version of this illusion by using a piece of chalk. To obtain the illusion, hold the chalk in the center with the thumb and forefinger. Then steadily rotate the piece of chalk end over end with the other hand so that each end passes through the circle formed by the thumb and forefinger. While rotating the chalk end for end at 30-50 rpm, grip it fairly firmly, keep your fingers in the same location on the piece of chalk, and concentrate on the tactile sensations produced by the piece of chalk. After a short period of time, the diameter of the chalk should appear to decrease where it is in contact with the holding fingers.The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the rotating hourglass illusion in the laboratory under more controlled conditions. A tentative theory suggested that adaptation to the sensation of pressure produced by tissue movement was a probable explanation for the illusion. The rate of tissue movement over time is a negatively accelerated function of depth of deformation (Nafe & Wagoner, 1941a). The authors felt that, if the illusion was to be explained by a theory of pressure adaptation of the skin, the study of the time-course of the illusion was important and the rate of rotation of the rod might have an effect on the extent of the illusion. EXPERIMENT I MethodApparatus. To gain better stimulus control, an apparatus was constructed to rotate a rod between S's thumb and forefinger. A *Requests for reprints should be sent to Karen N. Jones, Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73069. schematic drawing of this apparatus is shown in Fig. 1. A steel rod (a), 6.35 mm in diam, was mounted in a flat ring (b), 1.86 em wide with an outside diameter of 5.67 em and an inside diameter of 5.60 em. The ring was mounted in three flanged rollers, whieh were tangent to the ring at three plaees around its circumference. Two of the rollers (c) served as idlers; the third roller (d) was driven by a variable-speed motor (e), which could tum the ring containing the rod at a calibrated rpm. S's thumb and forefinger encircled, but did not touch, the ring holding the rod when the thumb and forefinger were in contact with the rod.A schema...

show abstract

The Nature of Pressure Adaptation

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

Tactile warning signals for in-vehicle systems

Tactile warning signals for in-vehicle systems

Vibrotactile localization on the abdomen: Effects of place and space

A tactile illusion: The rotating hourglass

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