The Nature of Rape in the Mankweng Policing Areas of Limpopo Province, South Africa

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the community members’ perceptions on the nature of rape in the selected Mankweng policing areas of Limpopo Province, South Africa, namely: Mentz, Ga-Makanye and Ga-Thoka. The qualitative research approach was followed, coupled with the Q-methodology research design and exploratory research objective. About 30 participants were purposively sampled to form part of the Three (03) Focus Groups Discussions (FGDs), consisting of 10 targeted groups, this was aided by the review of seminal literature studies and theoretical [Differential Risk Model] applications on this subject. The inductive Thematic Content Analysis (TCA) was used as a data analysis method. From the consulted studies and empirical study findings, 03 major factors emerged to explain nature of rape existing in the selected study locations, demarcated as follows; 1) Historical context of rape, which include men that are raised in families with strong patriarchal structures and more likely to become violent and force themselves on women, as they feel superior to them, 2) Social context of rape, entailing gender inequality in South African societies where women possess limited powers and authorities, while men impose notions of masculinity, controlling and perceiving that they own women’s sexuality; and 3) Economic context of rape, explaining how poverty and unemployment are cited as some of contributing factors exposing women to socio-economic vulnerability, such as engaging in transactional sex. From the cited studies, 03 study themes emanated from the conducted empirical fieldworks (FGDs), namely: 1) Unlawful high prevalence of rape activities, 2) Rape committed against the will of potential victims, and 3) Rape involving physical intercourse or other forms of sexual penetrations carried out against any potential victim’s will. This study recommends that youth in the selected study locations should be trained and educated to become peer educators to learn more about the nature rape, it is hoped that this can enhance understanding of this phenomenon in their respective communities, while promoting gender equality in an attempt to urgently re-address the 03 existing characteristics of this scourge. Equally, the utilisation of biological evidence against rape cases can be touted as one of modern interventions to offer proper and successful investigation of this crime. This can be enhanced by improving by information exchange gathered through closer collaborations, interactions, intelligence and enforcement practices, while providing better understanding of the nature and extent of this scourge.

“Time wasted by health professionals is time not invested in patients”: time management practice and associated factors among health professionals at public hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: a multicenter mixed method study

“…In this study, health professionals who reported a staff shortage were 0.535 times (AOR = 0.535, 95% CI: 0.319, 0.896) less likely to have good time management practices than those who said there were an adequate number of healthcare professionals at the hospital. This finding is in agreement with a study done at Mankweng Hospital, South Africa in which 47% of respondents strongly agreed that a staffing deficit resulted in poor time management, which ultimately results in poor patient care (8). The likely reason might be that a lack of adequate staff forces employees to work under pressure.…”

“…Time management is how time is planned, controlled, and utilized and is essential in healthcare organizations (7,8). Effective time management is vital for providing high-quality healthcare because patients wait for less, colleagues and other health workers feel less job-related stress, and activities are completed quickly without interfering with the work of others (9).…”

“…One study found that physicians 44.64% and nurses 11.34% of their time spent outside patient rooms (27). To the worst, a growing body of literature describes most health professionals spending more time on non-productive tasks such as gossiping, answering phone calls, and socializing among themselves than on their actual responsibilities (8). Lengthy paper-based documentation was also believed to be the main time management barrier in hospitals (28).…”

“…Data collection tools were developed from previous related works of literatures (8,32,33) (Table 1). The tool was initially developed in English then translated to Amharic and then pretested to ensure its cultural acceptance and understanding by the study participants and data collectors.…”

“…Self-reported insufficient number of health professionals in the health facilities where they work (8).…”