The Neck Disability Index: State-of-the-Art, 1991-2008

Vernon, Howard

doi:10.1016/j.jmpt.2008.08.006

Cited by 949 publications

(827 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Neck Disability Index (NDI) (Vernon, 2008) is a self-rated instrument assessing disability due to neck pain that consists of 10 items related to daily living activities. Each item was rated 0-5, and the sum was represented in percentage.…”

Section: Subjective Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive cervical motion kinematics: Sensitivity, specificity and clinically significant values for identifying kinematic impairments in patients with chronic neck pain

et al. 2015

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Interactive cervical motion kinematics: sensitivity, specificity and clinically significant values for identifying kinematic impairments in patients with chronic neck pain. AbstractChronic neck pain has been consistently shown to be associated with impaired kinematic control including reduced range, velocity and smoothness of cervical motion, that seem relevant to daily function as in quick neck motion in response to surrounding stimuli. The objectives of this study were: to compare interactive cervical kinematics in patients with neck pain and controls; to explore the new measures of cervical motion accuracy; and to find the sensitivity, specificity, and optimal cutoff values for defining impaired kinematics in those with neck pain.In this cross-section study, 33 patients with chronic neck pain and 22 asymptomatic controls were assessed for their cervical kinematic control using interactive virtual reality hardware and customized software utilizing a head mounted display with built-in head tracking.Outcome measures included peak and mean velocity, smoothness (NVP), symmetry (TTPP), and accuracy of cervical motion.Results demonstrated significant and strong effect-size differences in peak and mean velocities, NVP and TTPP in all directions excluding TTPP in left rotation, and good effect-size group differences in 5/8 accuracy measures.Regression results emphasized the high clinical value of neck motion velocity, with very high sensitivity and specificity (85%-100%), followed by motion smoothness, symmetry and accuracy. These finding suggest cervical kinematics should be evaluated clinically, and screened by the provided cut off values for identification of relevant impairments in those with neck pain. M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTSuch identification of presence or absence of kinematic impairments may direct treatment strategies and additional evaluation when needed.

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Section: Subjective Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive cervical motion kinematics: Sensitivity, specificity and clinically significant values for identifying kinematic impairments in patients with chronic neck pain

et al. 2015

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“…40 The number of physical therapy visits and DOT reported in our sample was also consistent with the literature for patients with musculoskeletal conditions. 29 Short-term disability and pain outcomes 31 reflect values that are consistent with patients receiving conservative treatment. 31 Although our findings are consistent with the literature on the general prognosis of neck pain, this study adds valuable information on short-term outcomes from physical therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…29 Short-term disability and pain outcomes 31 reflect values that are consistent with patients receiving conservative treatment. 31 Although our findings are consistent with the literature on the general prognosis of neck pain, this study adds valuable information on short-term outcomes from physical therapy. Across all metrics, patients with a duration of symptoms <4 weeks have the greatest improvements and have increased odds of recovery compared with other clinical presentations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Patients reporting an NDI percentage score of 8% or less were categorized as "recovered," and patients reporting a score of 9% or greater were further categorized as "not fully recovered." Vernon, 31 the developer of the original NDI, cites that a score of 8% points (4 raw points) on the NDI is reflective of no disability related to neck pain. 31 Sterling and Kenardy 32 established 8% points on the NDI as a cutoff to determine if a patient has recovered from an episode of neck pain, and this cutoff is commonly used in clinical practice and research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vernon, 31 the developer of the original NDI, cites that a score of 8% points (4 raw points) on the NDI is reflective of no disability related to neck pain. 31 Sterling and Kenardy 32 established 8% points on the NDI as a cutoff to determine if a patient has recovered from an episode of neck pain, and this cutoff is commonly used in clinical practice and research. An episode of physical therapy was defined as the physical therapy treatment provided from the initial evaluation to the date of the last visit for a patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Description of Common Clinical Presentations and Associated Short-Term Physical Therapy Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Neck Pain

Horn

Brennan

George

et al. 2015

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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Neck pain is the second most common musculoskeletal disorder in population surveys and is associated with high injury and disability claims. 1,2 It is generally accepted that neck pain has a favorable course of care, 3 but there is variation in short-term outcomes in patients with neck pain. 3,4 Certain factors are known to be prognostic for the course of neck pain, and several interventions, including those provided by physical therapists, are likely to produce a favorable outcome. [5][6][7][8][9] Approximately 35% of persons with neck pain reported being seen by a physical therapist, the most frequently visited provider, 10 and evidence suggests that physical therapy can be an effective secondary prevention strategy for neck pain. 11 In recent years, organized efforts have been made to improve clinical outcomes and standardize physical therapy treatment, including using classification system approaches. Fritz and Brennan 12 supported that subgrouping patients with neck pain and providing interventions matched to the patient classification improves shortterm outcomes of pain and disability from physical therapy, but this approach has not been validated nor have other classification systems published in the literature been validated. 13,14 Therefore in this study, rather than introduce a new classification system, we wished to pragmatically examine a large cohort of patients with common clinical presentations of neck pain. The purposes of this study were to describe the demographics and Disclosures: none.

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Effect of Arthroplasty vs Fusion for Patients With Cervical Radiculopathy

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Surgical treatment for cervical radiculopathy is increasing. Treatment with motion preserving anterior cervical disc arthroplasty was introduced to prevent symptomatic adjacent segment disease, and there is need to evaluate results of this treatment compared with standard anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. OBJECTIVE To investigate clinical outcomes at 5 years for arthroplasty vs fusion in patients who underwent surgical treatment for cervical radiculopathy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis multicenter, single-blinded, randomized clinical trial included patients aged 25 to 60 years with C6 or C7 radiculopathy referred to study sites' outpatient clinics from 2008 to 2013. Data were analyzed from December 2019 to December 2020. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly assigned to arthroplasty or fusion. Patients were blinded to which treatment they received. The surgical team was blinded until nerve root decompression was completed. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary end point was change in Neck Disability Index (NDI) score. Secondary outcomes were arm and neck pain, measured with numeric rating scales (NRS); quality of life, measured with the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D); reoperation rates; and adjacent segment disease. RESULTS Among 147 eligible patients, 4 (2.7%) declined to participate and 7 (4.8%) were excluded.A total of 136 patients were randomized (mean [SD] age, 44.1 [7.0] years; 73 (53.7%) women), with 68 patients randomized to arthroplasty and 68 patients randomized to fusion. A total of 114 patients (83.8%) completed the 5-year follow-up. In the arthroplasty group, the mean NDI score was 45.9 (95% CI, 43.3 to 48.4) points at baseline and 22.2 (95% CI, 18.0 to 26.3) points at 5 years follow-up, and in the fusion group, mean NDI score was 51.3 (95% CI, 48.1 to 54.4) points at baseline, and 21.3 (95% CI, 17.0 to 25.6) points at 5 years follow-up. The changes in mean NDI scores between baseline and 5 years were statistically significant for arthroplasty (mean change, 24.8 [95% CI, 19.8 to 29.9] points; P < .001) and fusion (mean change, 29.9 [95% CI, 24.0 to 35.9] points; P < .001), but the change in mean NDI scores was not significantly different between groups (difference, 5.1 [95% CI, −2.6 to 12.7] points; P = .19). There were no significant differences in changes in arm pain (mean [SE] change, 3.5 [0.5] vs 3.1 [0.4]; P = .47), neck pain (mean [SE] change, 3.0 [0.5] vs 3.4 [0.5]; P = .50), EQ-5D (mean [SE] change, 0.39 [0.4] vs 0.45 [0.6]; P = .46), patients requiring reoperation (10 patients [14.7%] vs 8 patients [11.8%]; P = .61), and adjacent segment disease (0 patients vs 1 patient [1.5%]; P = .32) between the arthroplasty and fusion groups. (continued) Key Points Question In patients with cervical radiculopathy, are there any differences in long-term outcomes after surgery with arthroplasty or fusion? Findings In this randomized clinical trial that included 136 patients with cervical radiculopathy, there were similar and significant improvements in Neck Disability Index scores for both tre...

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The Neck Disability Index: State-of-the-Art, 1991-2008

Cited by 949 publications

References 67 publications

Interactive cervical motion kinematics: Sensitivity, specificity and clinically significant values for identifying kinematic impairments in patients with chronic neck pain

Interactive cervical motion kinematics: Sensitivity, specificity and clinically significant values for identifying kinematic impairments in patients with chronic neck pain

Description of Common Clinical Presentations and Associated Short-Term Physical Therapy Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Neck Pain

Effect of Arthroplasty vs Fusion for Patients With Cervical Radiculopathy

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