The Necrotic Pathotype of the<i>Cucumber mosaic virus</i>(CMV) Ns Strain Is Solely Determined by Amino Acid 461 of the 1a Protein

Divéki, Zoltán; Salánki, Katalin; Balázs, Ervin

doi:10.1094/mpmi.2004.17.8.837

Cited by 48 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Two studies reported that CMV RNA1, CMV 1a protein residue 461, was directly implicated as a virulence determinant [13], [41]. Although RNA1 was not directly implicated as an avirulence determinant, other reports have shown that RNA1 is involved in determining the severity of symptoms [42], [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RNA1 was determined to be an avirulence determinant of the hypersensitive response in tobacco [13], [14], local and systemic movement in squash [15], and replication of satellite RNA in squash [16], [17]. Avirulence determinants involving RNA2 were identified by induction of the hypersensitive response in cowpea [18], [19] and hypervirulence and systemic movement in tobacco [11], [20], [21], [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Helicase Domain Encoded by Cucumber mosaic virus RNA1 Determines Systemic Infection of Cmr1 in Pepper

et al. 2012

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The Cmr1 gene in peppers confers resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus isolate-P0 (CMV-P0). Cmr1 restricts the systemic spread of CMV strain-Fny (CMV-Fny), whereas this gene cannot block the spread of CMV isolate-P1 (CMV-P1) to the upper leaves, resulting in systemic infection. To identify the virulence determinant of CMV-P1, six reassortant viruses and six chimeric viruses derived from CMV-Fny and CMV-P1 cDNA clones were used. Our results demonstrate that the C-terminus of the helicase domain encoded by CMV-P1 RNA1 determines susceptibility to systemic infection, and that the helicase domain contains six different amino acid substitutions between CMV-Fny and CMV-P1. To identify the key amino acids of the helicase domain determining systemic infection with CMV-P1, we then constructed amino acid substitution mutants. Of the mutants tested, amino acid residues at positions 865, 896, 957, and 980 in the 1a protein sequence of CMV-P1 affected the systemic infection. Virus localization studies with GFP-tagged CMV clones and in situ localization of virus RNA revealed that these four amino acid residues together form the movement determinant for CMV-P1 movement from the epidermal cell layer to mesophyll cell layers. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that CMV-P1 and a chimeric virus with four amino acid residues of CMV-P1 accumulated more genomic RNA in inoculated leaves than did CMV-Fny, indicating that those four amino acids are also involved in virus replication. These results demonstrate that the C-terminal region of the helicase domain is responsible for systemic infection by controlling virus replication and cell-to-cell movement. Whereas four amino acids are responsible for acquiring virulence in CMV-Fny, six amino acid (positions at 865, 896, 901, 957, 980 and 993) substitutions in CMV-P1 were required for complete loss of virulence in ‘Bukang’.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicase Domain Encoded by Cucumber mosaic virus RNA1 Determines Systemic Infection of Cmr1 in Pepper

et al. 2012

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“…Description of the Rs-CMV and the infectious transcripts (pRs1, pRs2, pRs3) has been published previously [43]. A STOP codon was introduced into pRs2 into the 2a protein ORF just preceding the start codon of the 2b protein by PCR directed mutagenesis (pRs2-2a777) using the following oligonucleotides: 5′-CGTT GAGCTC CAT ATT ACTTTCGCTGTTTGTTGG-3′ (reverse), 5′-TATG GAGCTC AACGTAGGTGCAATGACAAACG-3′ (forward).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alanine Scanning of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) 2B Protein Identifies Different Positions for Cell-To-Cell Movement and Gene Silencing Suppressor Activity

et al. 2014

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The multifunctional 2b protein of CMV has a role in the long distance and local movement of the virus, in symptom formation, in evasion of defense mediated by salicylic acid as well as in suppression of RNA silencing. The role of conserved amino acid sequence domains were analyzed previously in the protein function, but comprehensive analysis of this protein was not carried out until recently. We have analyzed all over the 2b protein by alanine scanning mutagenesis changing three consecutive amino acids (aa) to alanine. We have identified eight aa triplets as key determinants of the 2b protein function in virus infection. Four of them (KKQ/22-24/AAA, QNR/31-33/AAA, RER/34-36/AAA, SPS/40-42/AAA) overlap with previously determined regions indispensable in gene silencing suppressor function. We have identified two additional triplets necessary for the suppressor function of the 2b protein (LPF/55-57/AAA, NVE/10-12/AAA), and two other positions were required for cell-to-cell movement of the virus (MEL/1-3/AAA, RHV/70-72/AAA), which are not essential for suppressor activity.

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“…Xanthi. Divéki et al . (2004) showed that an amino acid at position 461 in the 1a protein is the determinant for cell death, i.e.…”

Section: Virulence Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cucumber mosaic virus: viral genes as virulence determinants

Mochizuki

Ohki

2011

Molecular Plant Pathology

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In tobacco sap, the thermal inactivation point of the viral infectivity is approximately 70 °C (10 min), the dilution end-point is approximately 10(-4) and viral infectivity is lost after a few days of exposure to 20 °C. Viral infectivity can be retained in freeze-dried tissues and in the form of virions purified using 5 mm sodium borate, 0.5 mm ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 50% glycerol (pH 9.0) at -20 °C. CMV particles are isometric, approximately 28-30 nm in diameter and are composed of 180 capsid subunits arranged in pentamer-hexamer clusters with T= 3 symmetry. The sedimentation coefficient (s(20) ,(w) ) is c. 98 S and the particle weight is (5.8-6.7) × 10(6) Da. The virions contain 18% RNA. The RNA-protein interactions that stabilize the CMV virions are readily disrupted by sodium dodecylsulphate or neutral chloride salts. GENOMIC PROPERTIES: The genomic RNAs are single-stranded messenger sense RNAs with 5' cap and 3' tRNA-like structures containing at least five open reading frames. The viral RNA consists of three genomic RNAs, RNA 1 (c. 3.3 kb), RNA 2 (c. 3.0 kb) and RNA 3 (c. 2.2 kb), and two subgenomic RNAs, RNA 4 (c. 1.0 kb) and RNA 4A (c. 0.7 kb). The 3' untranslated regions are conserved across all viral RNAs. CMV is often accompanied by satellite, noncoding, small, linear RNA that is nonhomologous to the helper CMV.

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The Necrotic Pathotype of theCucumber mosaic virus(CMV) Ns Strain Is Solely Determined by Amino Acid 461 of the 1a Protein

Cited by 48 publications

References 36 publications

Helicase Domain Encoded by Cucumber mosaic virus RNA1 Determines Systemic Infection of Cmr1 in Pepper

Helicase Domain Encoded by Cucumber mosaic virus RNA1 Determines Systemic Infection of Cmr1 in Pepper

Alanine Scanning of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) 2B Protein Identifies Different Positions for Cell-To-Cell Movement and Gene Silencing Suppressor Activity

Cucumber mosaic virus: viral genes as virulence determinants

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