The need to unravel the twisted nature of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex across Europe

Strnad, Martin; Rego, Ryan O. M.

doi:10.1099/mic.0.000899

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…From an epidemiological point of view, the I. ricinus tick has greater importance than D. reticulatus . I. ricinus dominated among ticks removed from human skin in Europe [ 24 , 25 , 26 ] and it is considered to be a main vector of Lyme borreliosis [ 27 ]. In our study, spirochaetes from the B. burgdorferi complex were detected only in I. ricinus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk of Exposure to Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in a Spa Town in Northern Poland

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study was to determine the potential risk of human exposure to tick-borne infection in a recreation areas in a spa town located in northern Poland. Questing Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus ticks were collected in the spring of 2018. Tick-borne microorganisms were detected by PCR. Species were identified based on RFLP and the sequencing of DNA. In total, 38.3% of the ticks (34.6% of I. ricinus and 48.6% of D. reticulatus) were infected. The prevalence was 14.9% for Borrelia spp., 10.6% for Babesia spp. and 17.7% for Rickettsia spp. No Anaplasma phagocytophilum was detected. Spirochaetes B. afzelii, B. garinii and B. burgdorferi s.s. were detected only in I. ricinus ticks (20.2%). The differences in the infection rates of Babesia spp. between I. ricinus (7.7%) and D. reticulatus (18.9%) were not significant. DNA of B. canis and B. venatorum were identified in both tick species. B. microti were detected in D. reticulatus ticks. The prevalence of Rickettsia spp. was significantly higher in D. reticulatus (37.8%) than that in I. ricinus (10.6%). R. raoultii was identified only in D. reticulatus and R. helvetica in I. ricinus. Co-infections of at least two pathogens were recognized in 13% of positive ticks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk of Exposure to Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in a Spa Town in Northern Poland

et al. 2022

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“…Notably, injection of 1 × 10 5 spirochetes and incubation for 24 hours resulted in the highest Bb spirochete numbers, which corresponds to the growth speed described in the literature ( 38 ). Interestingly, we observed differential infection dynamics after injection with Ba ( Figure 5, F and G ), the strain most prevalent in skin infection in central Europe ( 39 , 40 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Tick feeding modulates the human skin immune landscape to facilitate tick-borne pathogen transmission

Strobl¹,

Muendler²,

Müller³

et al. 2022

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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During cutaneous tick attachment, the feeding cavity becomes a site of transmission for tick salivary compounds and tick-borne pathogens. However, the immunological consequences of tick feeding on human skin remain unclear. Here, we assessed human skin and blood samples upon tick bite and developed a human skin explant model mimicking Ixodes ricinus bite and tick-borne pathogen infection. Following tick attachment, we observed rapidly occurring patterns of immunomodulation including increase in neutrophils and cutaneous B and T cells. T cells up-regulated tissue-residency markers, while lymphocytic cytokine production was impaired.In early stages of Borrelia burgdorferi model infections, we detected strain-specific immune responses and close spatial relationships of macrophages and spirochetes. Pre-incubation of spirochetes with tick salivary gland extracts hampered accumulation of immune cells and increased spirochete loads. Collectively, we showed that tick feeding exerts profound changes on the skin immune network, which interfere with the primary response against tick-borne pathogens.

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“…Ticks acquire B. burgdorferi s.l. via horizontal transmission from various vertebrate host species other than deer (Gern et al, 1998;Strnad & Rego, 2020), while N. mikurensis is acquired from rodents (Burri et al, 2014). Although we did not investigate the vertebrate community, it has previously been shown that the prevalence of horizontallytransmitted pathogens is positively affected by local vertebrate presence and abundance (Chapter 4; Hofmeester et al, 2016;Takumi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Horizontally-transmitted Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Questing microbioticks : Interactions of microbes, ticks, vertebrates, and the environment

Krawczyk

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The influence of external (a)biotic factors on the maintenance of symbionts in tick populations depends much on symbionts' mode of transmission. (this thesis) <. Ticks choose their symbionts rather than symbionts choose their ticks. (this thesis) =. An infection that is a burden for an individual can be beneficial for a population. @. The !AS rRNA amplicon sequencing technique is a powerful tool for forming hypotheses. H. We are selective about who or what should be a member of the (bio)diversity we want to preserve. A. Nowadays, it is difficult to distinguish what we really think from what we have read online.

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The need to unravel the twisted nature of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex across Europe

Cited by 10 publications

References 101 publications

The Risk of Exposure to Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in a Spa Town in Northern Poland

The Risk of Exposure to Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in a Spa Town in Northern Poland

Tick feeding modulates the human skin immune landscape to facilitate tick-borne pathogen transmission

Questing microbioticks : Interactions of microbes, ticks, vertebrates, and the environment

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