The NEON Daily Isotopic Composition of Environmental Exchanges Dataset

Finkenbiner, Catherine; Li, Bonan; Spencer, Lindsey F; Butler, Zachariah; Haagsma, Marja; Fiorella, Richard P.; Allen, Scott T.; Anderegg, William R. L.; Still, Christopher J.; Noone, David; Bowen, Gabriel J.; Good, Stephen P.

doi:10.1038/s41597-022-01412-4

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Currently, most measurements of stable water isotopologues in atmospheric vapor rely on point sensor networks (Finkenbiner et al, 2022;Fiorella et al, 2021;Wei et al, 2019;Aemisegger et al, 2012) that can be difficult to calibrate (Bailey et al, 2015;Rambo et al, 2011) and utilize relatively expensive technology. Cryogenic discrete point sampling and cavity-enhanced optical absorption point sensors achieve accuracy on the order of 2 ‰ or less (Galewsky et al, 2016) but require careful, frequenct calibration.…”

Section: 𝛿𝐷 =mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We demonstrate measurements over a 3.75-month long measurement period with 60 % uptime from fall into winter through a variety of meteorological conditions. We compare these DCS δD measurements to data from two nearby National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites: Central Plains Experimental Range (CPER) and Niwot Ridge (NIWO) (Finkenbiner et al, 2022). The difference in δD values measured by DCS at PAO and by the point sensor at CPER have a mean of less than 2 ‰ and a standard deviation of 18 ‰.…”

Section: 𝛿𝐷 =mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Open-path measurement of stable water isotopologues using mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy

Herman

Mead²,

Giorgetta³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. We present an open-path mid-infrared dual-comb spectrometer (DCS) capable of precise measurement of the stable water isotopologues H216O and HD16O. This system ran in a remote configuration at a rural test site for 3.75 months with 60 % uptime and achieved a precision of <2 ‰ on the normalized ratio of H216O and HD16O (δD) in 1000 seconds. Here, we compare the δD values from the DCS to those from the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) isotopologue point sensor network. Over the multi-month campaign, the mean difference between the DCS δD values and the NEON δD values from a similar ecosystem is <2 ‰ with a standard deviation of 18 ‰, which demonstrates the inherent accuracy of DCS measurements over a variety of atmospheric conditions. We observe time-varying diurnal profiles and seasonal trends that are mostly correlated between the sites on daily time scales. This observation motivates the development of denser ecological monitoring networks aimed at understanding regional and synoptic scale water transport. Precise and accurate open-path measurements using DCS provide new capabilities for such networks.

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Section: 𝛿𝐷 =mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 𝛿𝐷 =mentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-path measurement of stable water isotopologues using mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy

Herman

Mead²,

Giorgetta³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…More details can be found in supplemental information. Daily stable isotope ratios (δ 2 H, δ 18 O, and δ 13 C) of NEE and LH were obtained from a recently published dataset (Finkenbiner et al 2022), which was derived based on the isotope composition of carbon dioxide and water vapor from EC tower profiles across NEON sites. The δ 18 O values were converted to deuterium excess (d) via d = δ 2 H−8 * δ 18 O (Dansgaard 1964).…”

Section: Study Sites and Data Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of automated laser spectroscopy systems mounted on EC towers provides new opportunities to obtain long term spatially and temporally resolved atmosphere profiles of these isotopes (Fiorella et al 2021). The recently launched National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) provides the first standardized measurements of the stable isotope ratios of H 2 O vapor and CO 2 for ecosystems across the USA that can be used to estimate δ 2 H and δ 18 O of LH and δ 13 C of NEE (Finkenbiner et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotopes contain substantial additive information about terrestrial carbon and water cycling

Li,

Good,

Fiorella

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Stable isotope ratios of H (δ 2 H), O (δ 18O), and C (δ 13C) are linked to key biogeochemical processes of the water and carbon cycles; however, the degree to which isotope-associated processes are reflected in macroscale ecosystem flux observations remains unquantified. Here through formal information assessment, new measurements of δ 13C of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) as well as δ 2H and δ 18O of latent heat (LH) fluxes across the United States National Ecological Observation Network (NEON) are used to determine conditions under which isotope measurements are informative of environmental exchanges. We find all three isotopic datasets individually contain comparable amounts of information about NEE and LH fluxes as wind speed observations. Such information from isotope measurements, however, is largely unique. Generally, δ 13C provides more information about LH as aridity increases or mean annual precipitation decreases. δ 2H provides more information about LH as temperatures or mean annual precipitation decreases, and also provides more information about NEE as temperatures decrease. Overall, we show that the stable isotope datasets collected by NEON contribute non-trivial amounts of new information about bulk environmental fluxes useful for interpreting biogeochemical and ecohydrological processes at landscape scales. However, the utility of this new information varies with environmental conditions at continental scales. This study provides an approach for quantifying the value adding non-traditional sensing approaches to environmental monitoring sites and the patterns identified here are expected to aid in modeling and data interpretation efforts focused on constraining carbon and water cycles’ mechanisms.

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“…The combined deterministic and stochastics time series are then corrected to match the observed low frequency mass inputs. The downscaling was applied to δP for both δ 18 O and δ 2 H and is openly published via the NEON Daily Isotopic Composition Environmental Exchanges (NEON-DICEE) Dataset (Finkenbiner et al, 2022). Since the downscaling method is stochastic, the analyses conducted here are run across an ensemble of 100 downscaled δP time series per NEON site.…”

Section: Downscaling Of δP and Comparing With δQmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between isotope ratios in precipitation and stream water across watersheds of the National Ecological Observation Network

Butler,

Good,

Haagsma

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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The timescales associated with precipitation moving through watersheds reveal processes that are critical to understanding many hydrologic systems. Measurements of environmental stable water isotope ratios (δ2H and δ18O) have been used as tracers to study hydrologic timescales by examining how long it takes for incoming precipitation tracers become stream discharge, yet limited measurements both spatially and temporally have bounded macroscale evaluations so far. In this observation driven study across North American biomes within the National Ecological Observation Network (NEON), we examined δ18O and δ2H stable water isotope in precipitation (δP) and stream water (δQ) at 26 co‐located sites. With an average 54 precipitation samples and 139 stream water samples per site collected over 2014–2022, assessment of local meteoric water lines and local stream water lines showed geographic variation across North America. Taking the ratio of estimated seasonal amplitudes of δP and δQ to calculate young water fractions (Fyw), showed a Fyw range from 1% to 93% with most sites having Fyw below 20%. Calculated mean transit times (MTT) based on a gamma convolution model showed a MTT range from 0.10 to 13.2 years, with half of the sites having MTT estimates lower than 2 years. Significant correlations were found between the Fyw and watershed area, longest flow length, and the longest flow length/slope. Significant correlations were found between MTT and site latitude, longitude, slope, clay fraction, temperature, precipitation magnitude, and precipitation frequency. The significant correlations between water timescale metrics and the environmental characteristics we report share some similarities with those reported in prior studies, demonstrating that these quantities are primarily driven by site or area specific factors. The analysis of isotope data presented here provides important constraints on isotope variation in North American biomes and the timescales of water movement through NEON study sites.

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The NEON Daily Isotopic Composition of Environmental Exchanges Dataset

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Open-path measurement of stable water isotopologues using mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy

Open-path measurement of stable water isotopologues using mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy

Stable isotopes contain substantial additive information about terrestrial carbon and water cycling

Relationship between isotope ratios in precipitation and stream water across watersheds of the National Ecological Observation Network

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