The Network Spinal Wave as a Central Pattern Generator

Abstract

Objectives: This article explains the research on a unique spinal wave visibly observed in association with network spinal analysis care. Since 1997, the network wave has been studied using surface electromyography (sEMG), characterized mathematically, and determined to be a unique and repeatable phenomenon.Methods: The authors provide a narrative review of the research and a context for the network wave's development.Results: The sEMG research demonstrates that the movement of the musculature of the spine during the wave phenomenon is electromagnetic and mechanical. The changes running along the spine were characterized mathematically at three distinct levels of care. Additionally, the wave has the mathematical properties of a central pattern generator (CPG).Conclusions: The network wave may be the first CPG discovered in the spine unrelated to locomotion. The mathematical characterization of the signal also demonstrates coherence at a distance between the sacral to cervical spine. According to mathematical engineers, based on studies conducted a decade apart, the wave itself is a robust phenomenon and the detection methods for this coherence may represent a new measure for central nervous system health. This phenomenon has implications for recovery from spinal cord injury and for reorganizational healing development.

The Chiropractic Vertebral Subluxation Part 10: Integrative and Critical Literature From 1996 and 1997

“…These studies led to models of emergent health-related quality of life, wellness outcomes, and a reorganizational healing paradigm. [160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167] The spinal wave behavior associated with NSA has been studied from 1997 until 2015 168 at University of Southern California and other universities by engineers looking at the mathematical characteristics of the surface electromyography signals at 4 levels of the spine: sacrum, lumbar, thoracic, and cervical. 31,128 Several papers, [169][170][171] conference presentations, [172][173][174][175] and a dissertation have explored its features.…”

“…[229][230][231][232][233][234][235] Epstein's works are rarely cited in the literature. 3,168 Kent's 1996 review, 9 which proposed the dysafferentation approach to CVS, was followed by a paper by Seaman and Winterstein, titled "Dysafferentation: A Novel Term to Describe the Neuropathophysiological Effects of Joint Complex Dysfunction." 236 The article references many of the same sources, such as Bogduk and Korr; however, the 1998 article did not cite Kent's 1996 article.…”