The neural adjustment of postural response through community-based daily exercises in elderly persons

Maejima, Hiroshi; Sunahori, Hitoshi; Kanetada, Yuji; Murase, Azusa; Tobimatsu, Yoshiko; Otani, Takuya; Yoshimura, Osamu

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.03.007

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…N, number of participants; yr, years old, means ± SD; ms, milliseconds; s, seconds; min, minutes; hr, hours; ↑, increased; ↓, decreased; ↔, no change; COP TOTAL , total excursion of the center of pressure; COP AP , center of pressure excursion in the anteroposterior direction; COP ML , center of pressure excursion in the mediolateral direction; T1-T2, vertebral thoracic level 1 and 2; Results refers to the change in outcomes after training compared to before training. a Static balance measurements of Maejima et al ( 2009 ) were obtained from an article published by the same group on the same project (Maejima et al, 2008 ) . b Training dose of Lauber et al ( 2011 ) was obtained from an article published by the same group on the same project (Müller et al, 2011 ) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… a Static balance measurements of Maejima et al ( 2009 ) were obtained from an article published by the same group on the same project (Maejima et al, 2008 ) . …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies provided sufficient detail about balance outcomes. The study by Maejima and colleagues (Maejima et al, 2009 ) referred to an earlier publication for methods regarding the balance measure, so they were obtained from the earlier publication (Maejima et al, 2008 ). Balance outcomes were measured in a variety of ways.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The perturbations were applied through translational movements of a platform in anterior or posterior directions or through a forward push from the experimenter. One study reported shorter response latency in the gastrocnemius muscle, and decreased integrated EMG from the TA and quadriceps muscles (Maejima et al, 2009 ) while the other study showed greater reflex latency in the gastrocnemius muscle (Ma et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural Plasticity in Spinal and Corticospinal Pathways Induced by Balance Training in Neurologically Intact Adults: A Systematic Review

Sun

Hurd

Yang

2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Balance training, defined here as training of postural equilibrium, improves postural control and reduces the rate of falls especially in older adults. This systematic review aimed to determine the neuroplasticity induced by such training in younger (18–30 years old) and older adults (≥65 years old). We focused on spinal and corticospinal pathways, as studied with electrophysiology, in people without neurological or other systemic disorders. We were specifically interested in the change in the excitability of these pathways before and after training. Searches were conducted in four databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Embase. A total of 1,172 abstracts were screened, and 14 articles were included. Quality of the studies was evaluated with the Downs and Black checklist. Twelve of the studies measured spinal reflexes, with ten measuring the soleus H-reflex. The H-reflex amplitude was consistently reduced in younger adults after balance training, while mixed results were found in older adults, with many showing an increase in the H-reflex after training. The differences in results between studies of younger vs. older adults may be related to the differences in their H-reflexes at baseline, with older adults showing much smaller H-reflexes than younger adults. Five studies measured corticospinal and intracortical excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Younger adults showed reduced corticospinal excitability and enhanced intracortical inhibition after balance training. Two studies on older adults reported mixed results after training. No conclusions could be drawn for corticospinal and intracortical plasticity given the small number of studies. Overall, balance training induced measurable change in spinal excitability, with different changes seen in younger compared to older adults.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… a Static balance measurements of Maejima et al ( 2009 ) were obtained from an article published by the same group on the same project (Maejima et al, 2008 ) . …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neural Plasticity in Spinal and Corticospinal Pathways Induced by Balance Training in Neurologically Intact Adults: A Systematic Review

Sun

Hurd

Yang

2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…According to the literature, regular physical exercise improves postural responses, shortening ERT 29,30 . The question is whether this reduction also occurs in older adults with a history of falls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tempo de reação eletromiográfica em idosas caidoras e não-caidoras após desequilíbrio postural

Fonseca

Karuka

Crozara

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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Licence Creative Commom CC BY RBCDH Electromyographic reaction time in older female fallers and non-fallers after postural perturbationAbstract -The electromyographic reaction time (ERT) reflects the magnitude and speed with which muscles are activated to perform movements, to prevent injuries, or to position a joint. This parameter can be used to analyze postural control performance after an external perturbation and can be correlated with the possibility of falls in older adults. The objective of this study was to determine the ERT of the internal oblique, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, multifidus, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, and lateral gastrocnemius muscles to balance threats in older adults with and without a history of falls. Twenty-nine physically active and noninstitutionalized women aged 60 years or older were divided into two groups: fallers (n=13; 72.4 ± 8.0 years) and nonfallers (n=16; 67.8 ± 6.8 years). The ERT of the muscles tested did not differ significantly between groups following forward or backward perturbations. The results suggest that the activation of the muscles tested in response to forward or backward perturbations is not a determinant factor of falls

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Impact of ageing, fall history and exercise on postural reflexes following unpredictable perturbations: A systematic review and meta-analyses

Phu

Sturnieks

Lord

et al. 2022

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

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The neural adjustment of postural response through community-based daily exercises in elderly persons

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Neural Plasticity in Spinal and Corticospinal Pathways Induced by Balance Training in Neurologically Intact Adults: A Systematic Review

Neural Plasticity in Spinal and Corticospinal Pathways Induced by Balance Training in Neurologically Intact Adults: A Systematic Review

Tempo de reação eletromiográfica em idosas caidoras e não-caidoras após desequilíbrio postural

Impact of ageing, fall history and exercise on postural reflexes following unpredictable perturbations: A systematic review and meta-analyses

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