The neurobiology and therapeutic potential of multi-targeting β-secretase, glycogen synthase kinase 3β and acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer’s disease

Fronza, Mariana G.; Alves, Diego; Praticò, Domenico; Savegnago, Lucielli

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2023.102033

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 306 publications

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“…2 Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease 2.1 Alzheimer's disease AD stands as the primary cause of dementia, rapidly becoming one of the most financially demanding, fatal, and burdensome conditions today and presents as a clinical syndrome characterized by progressive cognitive impairment that affects multiple domains or by neurobehavioral symptoms of sufficient severity to distinctly impact daily functioning (Scheltens et al, 2021). Globally, AD affects approximately 50 million individuals, with its prevalence projected to increase by about 70% by the 2050s (Cui et al, 2023;Fronza et al, 2023). Most cases arise after age 65, termed late-onset AD, whereas cases before age 65 are less common, constituting about 5.5% and referred to as earlyonset AD (Long and Holtzman, 2019;Seath et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the relationship between depression and Alzheimer’s disease—mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic opportunities

Chen,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Depression and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders with intriguing epidemiological overlaps. Their interrelation has recently garnered widespread attention. Empirical evidence indicates that depressive disorders significantly contribute to AD risk, and approximately a quarter of AD patients have comorbid major depressive disorder, which underscores the bidirectional link between AD and depression. A growing body of evidence substantiates pervasive sex differences in both AD and depression: both conditions exhibit a higher incidence among women than among men. However, the available literature on this topic is somewhat fragmented, with no comprehensive review that delineates sex disparities in the depression–AD correlation. In this review, we bridge these gaps by summarizing recent progress in understanding sex-based differences in mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic prospects for depression and AD. Additionally, we outline key challenges in the field, holding potential for improving treatment precision and efficacy tailored to male and female patients’ distinct needs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the relationship between depression and Alzheimer’s disease—mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic opportunities

Chen,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“… 8 While drug therapy remains the mainstream approach for AD treatment, it only offers temporary relief of symptoms and cannot reverse the underlying pathological processes; furthermore, it often has significant side effects in the older population. 9 However, available therapeutic options for AD are limited. Studies have shown that adult neurogenesis can be enhanced through different approaches, such as the use of drugs, engaging in physical activity, and exposure to stimulating environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisensory Fusion Training and 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone Improve Amyloid-β-Induced Cognitive Impairment, Anxiety, and Depression-Like Behavior in Mice Through Multiple Mechanisms

Guo,

Cao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

NDT

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Role of Flavonoids in Mitigating the Pathological Complexities and Treatment Hurdles in Alzheimer's Disease

Chib,

Dutta,

Chalotra

et al. 2024

Phytotherapy Research

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With the passage of time, people step toward old age and become more prone to several diseases associated with the age. One such is Alzheimer's disease (AD) which results into neuronal damage and dementia with the progression of age. The existing therapeutics has been hindered by various enkindles like less eminent between remote populations, affordability issues and toxicity profiles. Moreover, lack of suitable therapeutic option further worsens the quality of life in older population. Developing an efficient therapeutic intervention to cure AD is still a challenge for medical fraternity. Recently, alternative approaches attain the attention of researchers to focus on plant‐based therapy in mitigating AD. In this context, flavonoids gained centrality as a feasible treatment in modifying various neurological deficits. This review mainly focuses on the pathological facets and economic burden of AD. Furthermore, we have explored the possible mechanism of flavonoids with the preclinical and clinical aspects for curing AD. Flavonoids being potential therapeutic, target the pathogenic factors of AD such as oxidative stress, inflammation, metal toxicity, Aβ accumulation, modulate neurotransmission and insulin signaling. In this review, we emphasized on potential neuroprotective effects of flavonoids in AD pathology, with focus on both experimental and clinical findings. While preclinical studies suggest promising therapeutic benefits, clinical data remains limited and inconclusive. Thus, further high‐quality clinical trials are necessary to validate the efficacy of flavonoids in AD. The study aim is to promote the plant‐based therapies and encourage people to add flavonoids to regular diet to avail the beneficial effects in preventive therapy for AD.

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The neurobiology and therapeutic potential of multi-targeting β-secretase, glycogen synthase kinase 3β and acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer’s disease

Cited by 18 publications

References 306 publications

Sex differences in the relationship between depression and Alzheimer’s disease—mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic opportunities

Sex differences in the relationship between depression and Alzheimer’s disease—mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic opportunities

Multisensory Fusion Training and 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone Improve Amyloid-β-Induced Cognitive Impairment, Anxiety, and Depression-Like Behavior in Mice Through Multiple Mechanisms

Role of Flavonoids in Mitigating the Pathological Complexities and Treatment Hurdles in Alzheimer's Disease

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