The neurochemical control of crying

Panksepp, Jaak; Meeker, Rick B.; Bean, N. Jay

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(80)90050-7

Cited by 151 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Nevertheless, if one accepts that the distress calls of separated infants represent crying, then a literature on the neurochemistry of crying is rather extensive. A seminal paper titled 'The Neurochemical Control of Crying' [89] dealt with behavioral pharmacological studies of domestic chicks. As will be reviewed below, many of the same neurochemical systems shown to mediate distress calling ('crying') in chicks are also active in mammals, but the importance of a particular neural system found only in mammals (the thalamo-cingulate division of the limbic system of MacLean) will limit this review to the mammalian literature for the most part.…”

Section: Neurochemical Control Of Cryingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural circuits underlying crying and cry responding in mammals

Newman

2007

Behavioural Brain Research

182

132

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Crying is a universal vocalization in human infants, as well as in the infants of other mammals. Little is known about the neural structures underlying cry production, or the circuitry that mediates a caregiver's response to cry sounds. In this review, the specific structures known or suspected to be involved in this circuit are identified, along with neurochemical systems and hormones for which evidence suggests a role in responding to infants and infant cries. In addition, evidence that crying elicits parental responses in different mammals is presented. An argument is made for including 'crying' as a functional category in the vocal repertoire of all mammalian infants (and the adults of some species). The prevailing neural model for crying production considers forebrain structures to be dispensable. However, evidence for the anterior cingulate gyrus in cry production, and this structure along with the amygdala and some other forebrain areas in responding to cries is presented.

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Section: Neurochemical Control Of Cryingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural circuits underlying crying and cry responding in mammals

Newman

2007

Behavioural Brain Research

182

132

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“…Similarly, musicians can easily improvise individual emotions, and listeners can identify them accurately and with considerable confidence (Gabrielsson and Juslin, 1996;Gabrielsson and Lindstroem, 1995;Juslin, 1997;Nielzen and Cesarek, 1982). In addition to such emotion specific effects, music is bound to interact with generalized waking arousal control systems such as those based on norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin that regulate emotional responses (Panksepp, 1986). Also, there is a generalized incentive SEEKING system, centered on mesolimbic and mesocortical dopamine (DA) circuits (Ikemoto and Panksepp, 1999;Panksepp, 1998a), that is important in the intra-cerebral estimation of the passage of time (Meck, 1996).…”

Section: Conflicting Biological and Cultural Perspectives On Musicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently, music can have quite powerful effects on the NE turnover of developing avian brains. Since it is well established that this amine is important in regulating attentional resources in all animals that have been studied (Panksepp, 1986(Panksepp, , 1998a, it is possible that AIT treatment can elevate the attentional resources of the brain.…”

Section: The Effects Of Music On Moodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our love of music is most likely to emerge from the interplay of many brain areas, even though, as for all other basic psychobehavioral processes, there are also bound to be systems and neurochemistries of first-order importance (e.g. Panksepp, 1986Panksepp, , 1993. The study of the role of neurochemical systems that encode affect within the brain on musical experiences have barely begun.…”

Section: Musical Aesthetics Emotions and The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional sounds and the brain: the neuro-affective foundations of musical appreciation

Panksepp

Bernatzky

2002

Behavioural Processes

Self Cite

389

258

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This article summarizes the potential role of evolved brain emotional systems in the mediation of music appreciation. A variety of examples of how music may promote behavioral change are summarized, including effects on memory, mood, brain activity as well as autonomic responses such as the experience of 'chills'. Studies on animals (e.g. young chicks) indicate that musical stimulation have measurable effects on their behaviors and brain chemistries, especially increased brain norepinephrine (NE) turnover. The evolutionary sources of musical sensitivity are discussed, as well as the potential medical-therapeutic implications of this knowledge. #

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“…Similarly, response latency to pain stimuli is prolonged by exogenous morphine and intraoral sucrose, and reversed by opioid antagonists (Kehoe and Blass 1986a, c;Blass et al 1987). In a comparison of 18 drugs aimed at modifying brain opioid, serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, and acetylcholine activity, the opioid system had the most specific and powerful effect on distress vocalizations (Panksepp et al 1980). In contrast, orotactile and whole-body contact effects do not seem to be opioid dependent.…”

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confidence: 99%

Contact and nutrient caregiving effects on newborn infant pain responses

Gormally

Barr

Wertheim

et al. 2001

Develop Med Child Neuro

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To understand how the 'caregiving context' could affect responses to procedural pain, the authors sought to determine whether (1) the combined effects of sweet taste and holding (caregiving contact) were greater than the effects of either alone, (2) any combined effects were additive or interactive, and (3) the interventions had similar effects on behavioral (crying and facial activity) and physiological (heart rate, vagal tone) responses to the heel-stick procedure in newborn infants in a randomized two-factorial intervention trial. Eighty-five normally developing newborn infants were studied with a mean gestational age of 39.4 weeks on the 2nd or 3rd day of life. Infants were randomized in blocks of eight to receive (1) no holding and water taste (control participants), (2) no holding and sucrose taste (sucrose group), (3) holding and water taste (holding group), or (4) holding and sucrose taste (holding and sucrose group). Crying was reduced significantly by taste and holding, and the interventions combined additively. Facial activity was only significantly reduced by holding. For physiological measures, the interventions interacted with each other and preintervention levels to reduce heart rate and lower vagal tone more during the procedure in infants in whom heart rate and vagal tone were higher before intervention. Consequently, sweet taste and holding interventions combined in complex ways when acting on different behavioral and physiological response systems to modify stressful pain experiences. The results suggest that providing a caregiving context when painful procedures are performed may be a simple and practical method of reducing pain experience in infants, and that no one measure captures these effects.Coping with pain and stress is a critical challenge throughout life. Such challenges are usually faced by the infant in the presence of a caregiver in all mammalian species, a notable exception being the performance of medically indicated procedures in human infants. Prototypical components of the caregiving context are contact and the delivery of nutrients by the mother. It should not, therefore, be surprising if these caregiving components were important determinants of an infant's ability to cope with pain and stress. Extensive literature on non-human infant species has described a large number of biological and behavioral 'hidden regulators' (Hofer 1994) that modify infant responses to pain and stress stimuli (see also, Blass et al. 1995, Panksepp 1998. Of particular interest to the present study is evidence for at least two functionally separate pathways, one mediated by nutrient stimuli (taste) and one by contact. If these pathways are active in human infants, then their effects may be similar and overlapping, additive, or interactive. Furthermore, when minor painful procedures are performed, the caregiving context may be able to be modified to exploit these pathways to minimize procedural stress.Compared to adults, understanding pain responses in infants poses unique challenges of measuremen...

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The neurochemical control of crying

Cited by 151 publications

References 20 publications

Neural circuits underlying crying and cry responding in mammals

Neural circuits underlying crying and cry responding in mammals

Emotional sounds and the brain: the neuro-affective foundations of musical appreciation

Contact and nutrient caregiving effects on newborn infant pain responses

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