The Neurologic Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Abstract

Neurologists need to be familiar with the various ways SLE can present and the various neurologic complications known lupus patients can experience. Because of the various treatment options available, rapid recognition of these syndromes is critical.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting with Status Epilepticus: A Case Report

“…[5,6] Generalized tonic-clonic seizures are by far the most common, but simple partial seizures, complex partial seizures, and SE have also been described. [2,6,7] These seizures can occur as single events or as part of epilepsy. Although seizures and epilepsy are relatively common in patients with SLE, SE is rare.…”

“…Several complications due to the involvement of the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system (PNS), and autonomic nervous system (ANS) along with psychiatric manifestations can be seen. [1,2] Status epilepticus (SE) is defined as two or more sequential seizures without full recovery of consciousness between them, or continuous seizure activity lasting more than 30 minutes. It generally occurs as a manifestation of an acute precipitating event affecting the CNS or an exacerbation of symptomatic epilepsy.…”

The face of lupus

“…Lupus myelitis is another serious complication whose presentations range from weakness or diffi culty in moving one limb to paraplegia. 28 …”

“…9 Clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS) resemble those of SLE and often follow a similar course. 28 The McDonald criteria used to diagnose MS do not help in differentiating the two disorders. 45 There are some signs and/or symptoms that should raise suspicion: fever, joint aches, and rash in a young woman; recurrent infections (especially lung, skin, and urinary tract); thrombotic events such as stroke and pulmonary embolism in individuals without known risk factors; new onset menstrual irregularities and/or galactorrhea in young women; and cardiac events in men and women before age 45.…”

Human immunosuppressive protein, galectin-1 emerges as a novel regulatory factor in autoimmune disorders

“…Clinical manifestations are very diverse, including the most frequent symptoms of polyarthritis and various skin manifestations [100]. Furthermore, glomerulonephritis, central and peripheral nervous system pathology, inflammation in the serous membranes, lung, muscles, eye and cardiovascular system as well as severe blood cytopenias also develop frequently [101][102][103][104]. Very complex immune dysregulation has been explored, including T-and B-cell functional alterations that eventually lead to the loss of peripheral tolerance [105,106].…”