The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratios Are Independently Associated With the Severity of Autoimmune Encephalitis

Liu, Zhiwei; Li, Yimeng; Wang, Yaoyao; Zhang, Haifeng; Lian, Yajun; Chen, Xuan

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.911779

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In our analysis, the mRS score upon admission was another prognostic factor. However, a previous study reported no association between the mRS score upon admission and prognosis ( 24 ). This conflicting result may be attributed to several reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The previous study had a higher proportion of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis than our study. In the subgroup analysis, the mRS score upon admission was not associated with prognosis in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis but was associated with anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 encephalitis ( 24 ). Therefore, the impact of the mRS score upon admission on the prognosis may depend on the background disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for treatment response in patients diagnosed with definite or probable autoimmune encephalitis/encephalopathy

Ogami,

Koh,

Miyamoto

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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IntroductionAutoimmune encephalitis/encephalopathy (AE) is a complex and heterogeneous disease, making it difficult to predict the prognosis. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has emerged as a potential prognostic tool, but its usefulness remains a matter of debate. This study aimed to explore prognostic factors in cases of clinically definite or probable AE, including those with autoantibody-negative, or unknown status.MethodsData on patients diagnosed with definite or probable AE, including those with autoantibody-negative, or unknown status, were retrospectively collected from the admission records of our department between January 2013 and December 2022. These patients were then categorized into either a good- or poor-response group, based on their short-term treatment response. Clinical characteristics, auxiliary examinations, and treatments were compared between the two groups. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to identify independent predictors of poor short-term treatment response by Akaike information criterion backward stepwise method.ResultsA total of 31 patients were included in the final analysis, with 18 of them included in the poor-response group. In the univariable analysis, the poor-response group had a higher proportion of patients with a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) high score upon admission, female, epileptic seizures, or NLRs of 3.93 or higher than the good-response group (all p < 0.10). Furthermore, the multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the mRS score upon admission [OR: 5.51, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.29–23.50, p = 0.02], epileptic seizures (OR: 10.01, 95% CI: 1.16–86.66, p = 0.04), and NLRs of 3.93 or higher (OR: 11.37, 95% CI: 1.12–114.68, p = 0.04) were significantly associated with poor short-term treatment response.ConclusionThe NLR may play a supplementary role in predicting the short-term treatment response in patients diagnosed with definite or probable AE, including those with autoantibody-negative, or unknown status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for treatment response in patients diagnosed with definite or probable autoimmune encephalitis/encephalopathy

Ogami,

Koh,

Miyamoto

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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“…Neben Neurodegenerationsmarkern werden inflammatorische Marker der Autoimmunenzephalitis erforscht. In 199 Patienten konnte gezeigt werden, dass sowohl die Neutrophilen-zu-Lymphozyten-Ratio als auch die Monozyten-zu-Lymphozyten-Ratio im Blut eine Progression der Erkrankung und einen schweren Verlauf bei einer Autoimmunenzephalitis anzeigen können [19]. Zudem wird an der Entwicklung von weiteren Biomarkern geforscht (z.…”

Section: Merkeunclassified

Psychiatrische Autoimmunenzephalitis – Diagnose und therapeutische Ansätze

Hansen¹,

Lüdecke²,

Maier³

et al. 2023

PSYCH up2date

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Eine Autoimmunenzephalitis ist eine entzündliche Erkrankung des zentralen Nervensystems, die neben neurologischen Symptomen häufig und teils sogar vorwiegend durch psychiatrische Symptome gekennzeichnet sein kann. Bei überwiegend psychiatrischer Manifestation wird sie als „psychiatrische Autoimmunenzephalitis“ bezeichnet. Die Übersicht zeigt den aktuellen Stand zur Pathogenese und Diagnostik sowie verschiedene Therapiemöglichkeiten der Immuntherapie als auch der Psychopharmakologie.

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“…NLR, MLR and PLR are more accessible than inflammatory cytokines in clinical practice and scientific research, which have been used to predict progression and prognosis of many non-psychiatric diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, autoimmune encephalitis etc. ( 17 – 19 ). In recent years, there has been an increase in studies of psychiatric disorders involving these inflammatory markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological and inflammatory markers in Han Chinese patients with drug-free schizophrenia: relationship with symptom severity

Yang,

Tian,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundThere is a growing amount of evidence suggesting that immunity and inflammation play an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between hematological and inflammatory markers with symptom severity in Han Chinese patients with drug-free schizophrenia.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted at Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University and data were extracted from the electronic medical record system over a 5-year period (May 2017 to April 2022), including participants’ general and clinical information as well as Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores and hematological parameters.ResultsA total of 2,899 patients with schizophrenia were identified through the initial search. After screening, 91 patients and 141 healthy controls (HCs) were included. The patients had a higher value of neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) than HCs (all P < 0.001). MLR was positively correlated with BPRS total score (r = 0.337, P = 0.001) and resistance subscale score (r = 0.350, P = 0.001). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that severely ill was significantly associated with being male and a higher value of MLR (Natural Logaruthm, Ln) (all P < 0.05), and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed good performance of a regression model with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.787.ConclusionPatients with drug-free schizophrenia have an unbalanced distribution of peripheral blood granulocytes, and elevated NLR, MLR and PLR. Patients with higher value of MLR tend to have more psychotic symptoms, especially those symptoms of hostility, uncooperativeness, and suspiciousness. Our study gives a preliminary indication that MLR is a potential predictor of disease severity in patients with drug-free schizophrenia.

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The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratios Are Independently Associated With the Severity of Autoimmune Encephalitis

Cited by 16 publications

References 41 publications

Predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for treatment response in patients diagnosed with definite or probable autoimmune encephalitis/encephalopathy

Predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for treatment response in patients diagnosed with definite or probable autoimmune encephalitis/encephalopathy

Psychiatrische Autoimmunenzephalitis – Diagnose und therapeutische Ansätze

Hematological and inflammatory markers in Han Chinese patients with drug-free schizophrenia: relationship with symptom severity

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