The new combination of oxygen saturation with age shock index predicts the outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia

Abstract

Introduction: Emergency departments around the world have been struggling to deal with patients with COVID-19 and presumed COVID-19. Triaging patients who need further medical support is the key matter to emergency physicians as the delay of proper treatment may worsen the results. The aim of this study was to validate the ability of age shock index and hypoxia-age-shock index at the time of presentation to the emergency department to predict case fatality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: We only included patients who had COVID-19-associated pneumonia who needed in-hospital treatment. The vital signs and oxygen saturation used in the study were collected, especially from the triage sector, before patients were given supplemental oxygen. Results: A total of 241 patients enrolled in the study. The case fatality rate was 27%. The median age of the study samples was 78 (66–86) years with 133 male and 108 female patients. Hypoxia-age-shock index showed the best performance in analysis (odds ratio 15.1, 95% confidence interval: 5.1–44.4; adjusted odds ratio 8.6, 95% confidence interval: 2.8–26.8). Conclusion: The hypoxia-age-shock index was a strong predictor for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia. Furthermore, when it was compared with age shock index, hypoxia-age-shock index showed better performance in predicting fatality of the disease.