Acute Pneumonia (AP) over the past decades, constantly occupies a place in the list of nosologies, among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The same stability and perseverance characterize efforts to address this problem. The fixation of attention on the pathogens of AP and the main emphasis on their suppression for many years have been presented as the main guarantee of successful treatment of the disease. If these efforts, based on this view, were confirmed by encouraging results, there would be no point in discussing the problem. Unfortunately, the results of AP treatment tend to be the opposite of the desired and predictable. The gradual decline in the effectiveness of antibiotics, the emergence and continued growth of antibiotic-resistant strains, the increase in the number of patients with various complications of the disease have