The nexus between economic growth, energy use, international trade and ecological footprints: the role of environmental regulations in N11 countries

Environmental degradation, energy consumption and sustainable development: Accounting for the role of economic complexities with evidence from World Bank income clusters

“…The empirical findings suggested (1) that economic growth contributes to the high carbon contents across the income group especially for low‐income, upper‐middle‐income, and high‐income groups; this outcome is in tandem with the study of Nathaniel and Adeleye (2021) where evidence of increased in environmental degradation in African countries by per capita GDP was firmly established. Similar results hold for squared economic growth, but it contributes to the decrease in carbon emission across the income groups, thus confirming the presence of EKC hypothesis, which is in line with a recent study by Nathaniel et al (2021) where evidence of EKC was established for N11 countries; (2) that the effects of air transport on carbon emission is positive for lower‐middle‐income and high‐income group and negative for upper‐middle‐income group. This means that increase in the scale of tourists and tourism output contributes immensely to the growth of tourism‐related carbon emissions (Tang et al, 2017); (3) that the use of coal rents and energy use leads to high release of carbon contents across all the income groups, and thus, fossil fuel energy consumption is associated with high carbon dioxide emission (Alola, 2019; Nathaniel, 2021; Shahzad et al, 2021); (4) that significant increase in the utilization of energy for the incomes groups lead to increase in the release of carbon contents except for lower‐income group it leads to decrease—this might be because of the low usage of energy in low‐income group countries; and (5) economic complexities index increase the carbon emission in low‐income groups while it significantly decreases the carbon emission for upper‐middle and high‐income groups.…”

Modelling the Macroeconomic Determinants of Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the G-7 Countries: The Roles of Technological Innovation and Institutional Quality Improvement

“…Apart from EG and energy consumption, TI is considered another major determinant of environmental quality (Nathaniel et al 2021;Murshed et al, 2021b;Zeraibi et al, 2021). This is primarily because innovation ensures better utilization of clean factors of production, especially renewable energy, to facilitate the production of the national output (Chen & Lee, 2020;Siddique et al, 2020;Zameer et al, 2020).…”

Renewable Energy Use and Ecological Footprints Mitigation: Evidence from Selected South Asian Economies

“…This is because environmental deterioration within this region is not confined to merely air pollution [3]. As a result, EFs are relatively better environmental quality indicators in South Asia since the EF considers the other vital forms of environmental degradation [20][21][22]. Besides, among the recent studies that have considered EF to model the EKC hypothesis in South Asia [23,24], the critically important role of renewable energy use on the EF has been overlooked.…”