The Nickel Concentration in Breast Milk during the First Month of Lactation in Yazd, Center of Iran

Salmani, Mohammad Hossein; Mozaffari‐Khosravi, Hassan; Rezaei, Zeinab

doi:10.1007/s12011-016-0703-6

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Further, a low level of Ni was found in our HM samples, being the Ni concentration lower than that reported in previous studies conducted in Spain ( Martínez et al, 2019 ) and Iran ( Salmani et al, 2016 ) ( Table A2 ). However, investigations conducted in Sweden ( Björklund et al, 2012 ) and Brazil ( Cardoso et al, 2014 ) found Ni levels in HM even lower than observed in the present study ( Table A2 ).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…The Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry indicates that the Ni concentration in breast milk is either similar to or less than that in cow's milk-based or soy-based infant formula ( ATSDR, 2005 ). Contaminated water and food, as well as inhalation of tobacco smoke may increase the Ni concentration in breast milk ( Salmani et al, 2016 ). The low Pb, Cd, and Ni concentrations found in this study are possibly due to the non-smoking habits reported by our breast milk donors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Essential and toxic elements in human milk concentrate with human milk lyophilizate: A preclinical study

Oliveira

Trevilato

Aragon

et al. 2020

Environmental Research

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Concentrated human milk (HM-concentrate) can be obtained from the simple and inexpensive method of donated breast milk direct lyophilization. A previous study reported that HM-concentrate contains the adequate amount of main macro- and micronutrients for use as a nutritional resource for preterm infants with very low birth weight admitted to neonatal intensive care units. However, further details need to be elucidated about HM-concentrate composition, particularly its content of essential and potentially toxic trace elements. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the concentration of essential and toxic elements in human milk considered baseline (HM-baseline) and HM-concentrate, as well as to quantify changes in concentration of these elements after the HM concentration process. The concentration of Aluminum, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Iron, Mercury, Manganese, Nickel, Lead, Selenium, Tin, and Thallium was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Moreover, Bayesian linear mixed effect models were applied to estimate the mean difference between HM-baseline and HM-concentrate samples. After comparison (HM-concentrate versus HM-baseline), a significant increase in concentration was observed only for Manganese (0.80 μg/L; 95% CrI [0.16; 1.43]) and Selenium (6.74 μg/L; 95% CrI [4.66; 8.86]), while Lead concentration (−6.13 μg/L; 95% CrI [-8.63; −3.61]) decreased. This study provides latest and reliable information about HM composition. After milk concentration by lyophilization, there was a significant increase only in the essential elements Manganese and Selenium. The essential micronutrient content in HM-concentrate was similar or higher than that in preterm mothers' milk, which suggests it is viable for nutritional support of preterm infants. In addition, the low concentrations of potentially toxic elements in HM-concentrate indicates that it is safe for consumption by premature newborns.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential and toxic elements in human milk concentrate with human milk lyophilizate: A preclinical study

Oliveira

Trevilato

Aragon

et al. 2020

Environmental Research

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“…In a study from Yazd, Iran, the mean Ni levels in breast milk samples on days 3–5, 16, and 30 after delivery were 47.3 ± 7.40, 49.9 ± 8.05, and 54.8 ± 7.38 μg/l, respectively. Also, its concentration in more than 86% of samples was higher than the permissible limits 60 . Osmar (2014) also found that breast milk from 48 Brazilian women living in Minas Gerais contained lower levels of nickel than WHO reference levels 61 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Human health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in the breast milk consumed by infants in Western Iran

Sharafi

Nakhaee

Azadi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to assess the human health risk of some toxic metals/metalloids [lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As)] on infants via consumption of the breast milk of women living in urban areas of Kermanshah city, west of Iran. After collecting milk samples, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment as well as uncertainty analysis of toxic metal levels were carried out. The order of concentration of heavy metals/metalloids in the breast milk samples was Cr (41.07 ± 23.19) > Ni (19.25 ± 11.81) > Pb (11.5 ± 4.48) > As (1.96 ± 2.04) > Cd (.72 ± 0.42) > Hg (0.31 ± 0.26). The results revealed that the levels of Cr and Pb in the breast milk samples were exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) tolerable daily intake. In the breast milk samples a high levels of one of the trace elements As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni were observed (over 73%) and in 40% of them the levels of Cr, Pb, Cd, As, and Ni were all above WHO tolerable daily intake. Moreover, the As-related point assessment of target risk factor (THQ) was higher than the allowable limit only for 1-month-old male neonates and 2-month-old female neonates (THQ > 1). In addition, Cr-related THQ scores were higher at all age and gender groups (THQ > 1). In conclusion, our findings suggest a potential risk of some metals for infants via the consumption of mothers' breast milk.

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“…Sources of nickel include emissions from motor vehicles and electric power utilities, as well as food and drinking water. Available data indicate that nickel content in human milk is around 55 μg L −1 and, overall, chronic dietary exposure to nickel in infants ranges from around 28 to 30 μg kg −1 of body weight per day [ 8 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in the Human Milk of Women Living in Latvia and an Evaluation of Influencing Factors

Aumeistere,

Beluško,

Ciproviča

2024

Nutrients

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During lactation, heavy metals and trace elements can be mobilised from the maternal body stores and excreted via human milk. A total of 66 mature human milk samples were collected from lactating women in Latvia between 2016 and 2017 to analyse the content of As, Cd, Pb, Al, Sn, and Ni. Additionally, 50 mature human milk samples were collected between 2022 and 2023 to analyse the content of Cd and Pb. The content of heavy metals and trace elements in human milk was determined using ICP-MS. Only two individual human milk samples contained heavy metals above the method’s detection limit—one with an arsenic content of 0.009 mg kg−1 and one with a lead content of 0.047 mg kg−1. The preliminary data show that human milk among lactating women in Latvia contains only insignificant amounts of heavy metals and trace elements. Concern over such content should not be a reason to choose formula feeding over breastfeeding. Nevertheless, heavy metals, trace elements and other pollutants in human milk should be continuously monitored.

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The Nickel Concentration in Breast Milk during the First Month of Lactation in Yazd, Center of Iran

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Essential and toxic elements in human milk concentrate with human milk lyophilizate: A preclinical study

Essential and toxic elements in human milk concentrate with human milk lyophilizate: A preclinical study

Human health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in the breast milk consumed by infants in Western Iran

Assessment of Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in the Human Milk of Women Living in Latvia and an Evaluation of Influencing Factors

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