The nitric acid shootout: Field comparison of measurement methods

U.S. National PM2.5Chemical Speciation Monitoring Networks—CSN and IMPROVE: Description of networks

“…For the collection of nitrate, both networks use denuders and reactive nylon filters to minimize sampling artifacts caused by nitrate volatilization (Hering et al, 1988;Hering and Cass, 1999). Carbon artifacts are accounted for by using various blank correction approaches (Kim et al, 2005;Chow et al, 2008;Watson et al, 2009;Chow et al, 2010;Maimone et al, 2011), as discussed later.…”

Semi-continuous PM2.5 inorganic composition measurements during the Pittsburgh Air Quality Study

“…Filter measurements are often performed daily, or at intervals of a few hours during intensive field studies. Inherent drawbacks to using filter-based methods for the measurement of inorganic aerosols include losses of volatile or reactive components from the substrate (Hering et al, 1988;Koutrakis et al, 1992;Suh et al, 1994;Hering and Cass, 1999;Babich et al, 2000;Pang et al, 2001), detection limit problems for high time temporal resolution measurements, and high labor costs.…”

Comparison of the Annular Denuder System and the Transition Flow Reactor for Measurements of Selected Dry Deposition Species

“…2 ' 3 Early versions of this device were used by three research groups in a comparison of HNO3 field measurements conducted at Claremont, California in 1985. 4 Results of this study suggest that HNO3 retention by the various ADS inlet systems may have caused the observed low bias in the ADS HNO3 results. 6 A larger cyclone, with high HNO3 transmission properties was used in the ADS employed in the current study.…”

“…Two research groups operated this device in the 1985 comparison study where good agreement with consensus HNO3 results was observed. 4 The objective of the current study was to compare ADS and TFR measurements of dry deposition species under field sampling conditions for all constituents common to both samplers.…”