The nitrogen response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the field: nitrogen uptake and yield, harvest index and nitrogen concentration

Vos, J.

doi:10.1007/bf02358249

Cited by 74 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Since all production aspects, except for water, were optimised, the lower RUE values recorded here could probably be attributed to water stress that interfered with normal production (Kooman and Rabbinge, 1996). Similarly, the HI gives an indication of the proportion of dry matter that was allocated to reproductive organs (tubers) (Vos 1997). A low harvest index is usually indicative of a remarkably shortened growth cycle as the crop was not allowed to grow to maturity .…”

Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 78%

Potato Crop Response to Genotype and Environment in a Subtropical Highland Agro-ecology

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Potato response to environment, planting date and genotype was studied for different agro-ecological zones in Lesotho. Field experiments were conducted at four different sites with altitudes ranging from 1,655 to 2,250 m above sea level during the 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 summer growing seasons. Treatments consisted of three cultivars that varied in maturity type, two planting dates and four sites differing in altitude and weather patterns. Various plant parts were measured periodically. To understand and quantify the influence of abiotic factors that determine and limit yields, the LINTUL crop growth model was employed which simulated potential yields for the different agro-ecological zones using weather data collected per site during the study period. Observed actual crop yields were compared with model simulations to determine the yield gap. Model simulations helped to improve our understanding of yield limitations to further expand potato production in subtropical highlands, with emphasis on increasing production through increased yields rather than increased area. Substantial variation in yield between planting date, cultivar and site were observed. Average tuber dry matter (DM) yields for the highest yielding season were above 7.5 t DM ha −1 or over 37.5 t ha −1 fresh tuber yield. The lowest yield obtained was 2.39 t DM ha −1 or 12 t ha −1 fresh tuber yield for cultivar Vanderplank in the 2011/2012 growing season at the site with the lowest altitude. Modelled potential tuber yields were 9-14 t DM ha −1 or 45-70 t ha −1 fresh yield. Drought stress frequently resulted in lower radiation use efficiencies and to a lesser degree harvest indices, which reduced tuber yield. The site with the lowest altitude and highest temperatures had the lowest yields, while the site with the highest altitude had the highest yields. Later maturing cultivars yielded more than earlier maturing ones at all sites. It is concluded that the risk of low yields in rain-fed subtropical

show abstract

Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 78%

Potato Crop Response to Genotype and Environment in a Subtropical Highland Agro-ecology

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Root and tuber crops, such as potato, have an intermediate position: vegetative growth and tuber growth partly overlap, although the dry matter and nutrient partitioning shifts gradually towards the tubers and some reallocation of nutrients from the haulm to the tubers does occur (Vos 1997). Vos (1999) estimated that 20 to 40% of the dry matter yield of potato is realized by reallocating nitrogen.…”

Section: Crop Duration In Relation To Nitrogen Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse concepts of breeding for nitrogen use efficiency. A review

Bueren

Struik

2017

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cropping systems require careful nitrogen (N) management to increase the sustainability of agricultural production. One important route towards enhanced sustainability is to increase nitrogen use efficiency. Improving nitrogen use efficiency encompasses increasing N uptake, N utilization efficiency, and N harvest index, each involving many crop physiological mechanisms and agronomic traits. Here, we review recent developments in cultural practices, cultivar choice, and breeding regarding nitrogen use efficiency. We add a comparative analysis of our own research on designing breeding strategies for nitrogen use efficiency in leafy and non-leafy vegetables, literature on breeding for nitrogen use efficiency in other vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower), and literature on breeding for nitrogen use efficiency in grain crops. We highlight traits that are generic across species, demonstrate how traits contributing to nitrogen use efficiency differ among crops, and show how cultural practice affects the relevance of these traits. Our review indicates that crops harvested in their early or late vegetative phase or reproductive phase differ in traits relevant to improve nitrogen use efficiency. Headforming crops (lettuce, cabbage) depend on the prolonged photosynthesis of outer leaves to provide the carbon sources for continued N supply and growth of the photosynthetically less active, younger inner leaves. Grain crops largely depend on prolonged N availability for uptake and on availability of N in stover for remobilization to the grains. Improving root performance is relevant for all crop types, but especially shortcycle vegetable crops benefit from early below-ground vigor. We conclude that there is sufficient genetic variation available among modern cultivars to further improve nitrogen use efficiency but that it requires integration of agronomy, crop physiology, and efficient selection strategies to make rapid progress in breeding. We also conclude that discriminative traits related to nitrogen use efficiency better express themselves under low input than under high input. However, testing under both low and high input can yield cultivars that are adapted to low-input conditions but also respond to high-input conditions. The benefits of increased nitrogen use efficiency through breeding are potentially large but realizing these benefits is challenged by the huge genotype-byenvironment interaction and the complex behavior of nitrogen in the cropping system.

show abstract

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield formation and quality characteristics of early potatoes during a short growing period

Mustonen¹

2008

AFSci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of nitrogen fertilization on the yield and quality of early potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were studied at MTT Agrifood Research Finland during 1996-1997. Cultivars were harvested at three times. The experimental layout was a split-split-plot with harvest times as main plots and nitrogen fertilization and potato cultivars as the subplots. The fertilizer treatments were 60 and 120 kg N ha -1 and the cultivars tested were Timo, Gloria and Van Gogh. The harvest times were 57-62, 70-75 and 85-90 days after planting. Application of 120 kg N ha -1 intensifi ed canopy development and increased leaf area of the stands. At early harvest the tuber yield of all cultivars receiving the higher nitrogen application increased by 0.5-2.5 t ha -1 . The highest yielding cultivar was Timo. At last harvest, the higher nitrogen treatment increased yield by 3.0-6.2 t ha -1 . The highest yielding cultivars were Timo and Van Gogh. The dry matter content of tubers was very low, 13.8-17.2%, at the fi rst harvest and the higher nitrogen application reduced dry matter content by 0.3-1.0%. The highest fertilizer application rate resulted in the largest tuber size. Nitrogen application, however, affected the quality of potatoes by decreasing the dry matter content. The nitrate content in tubers increased signifi cantly with the increasing level of nitrogen. The range of nitrate content in tubers fl uctuated between 13 and 189 mg kg -1 fresh weight showing good controlling of nitrate values. Harvest time affected sucrose content and the reducing sugar content in tubers, but nitrogen fertilizer did not change the sugar content of tubers. As tuber yield and quality during a short growing season are affected mainly by intercepted radiation, methods to increase tuber yield should focus on reducing the time to emergence, improving haulm growth after emergence and increasing the harvest index.

show abstract

The nitrogen response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the field: nitrogen uptake and yield, harvest index and nitrogen concentration

Cited by 74 publications

References 15 publications

Potato Crop Response to Genotype and Environment in a Subtropical Highland Agro-ecology

Potato Crop Response to Genotype and Environment in a Subtropical Highland Agro-ecology

Diverse concepts of breeding for nitrogen use efficiency. A review

Yield formation and quality characteristics of early potatoes during a short growing period

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About