2005
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.06.043
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The nonreplicating smallpox candidate vaccines defective vaccinia Lister (dVV-L) and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) elicit robust long-term protection

Abstract: Current smallpox vaccines are live vaccinia viruses that replicate in the vaccinee inducing immunity against the deadly disease smallpox. Replication resulting in virus spread within the host, however, is the major cause of severe postvaccinal adverse events. Therefore, attenuated strains such as modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) or LC16m8 are candidates as next generation vaccines. These strains are usually grown in primary cells in which mass production is difficult and have an unknown protective potential in h… Show more

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Cited by 75 publications
(60 citation statements)
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“…For example, the homology of the commonly recognized antigens between vaccinia WR and variola ranges from 89% to 100% at the amino acid level. It is also supported in challenge studies in animals that show cross-protection between orthopoxviruses [7,[22][23][24][25][26][27] and at the individual protein level by in vitro neutralization assay and in challenge studies in animals [28,29]. Correlation between antibody profiles in response to Dryvax ® and variola.…”
Section: Antibody Profiles In Convalescent Smallpox Seramentioning
confidence: 82%
“…For example, the homology of the commonly recognized antigens between vaccinia WR and variola ranges from 89% to 100% at the amino acid level. It is also supported in challenge studies in animals that show cross-protection between orthopoxviruses [7,[22][23][24][25][26][27] and at the individual protein level by in vitro neutralization assay and in challenge studies in animals [28,29]. Correlation between antibody profiles in response to Dryvax ® and variola.…”
Section: Antibody Profiles In Convalescent Smallpox Seramentioning
confidence: 82%
“…Kretzschmar et al recently reported that the frequency of death associated with vaccination might be higher than previously believed [10]. To diminish these health risks, attenuated VACV viruses, such as modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) and LC8m16 have been developed [11][12][13][14]. However, failed to induce protective immunity in immuno-compromised animals, possibly due to host defects in B-cell antibody class switching [15].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[52][53][54][55]. MVA as orthopox vaccine has been shown to induce solid protective immunity against lethal challenges with VACV, CPXV or ECTV in mice [56][57][58] and against monkeypox in cynomolgous macaques. 59,60 For development of a recent MVA smallpox vaccine (IMVAMUNE ® ) a large-scale production process in chicken embryo fibroblasts has been established and extensive clinical testing is ongoing.…”
Section: The Different Generations Of Vaccinesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, solid protection of mice against lethal challenges with CPXV or ECTV could be demonstrated. 58 In addition to developing live attenuated VACV vaccines, there were efforts made to also derive novel orthopox-specific subunit vaccines. These 4 th generation vaccines comprise of few (in most cases 1-4) viral antigens as proteins or genes expressed from DNA or recombinant viruses or replicons.…”
Section: The Different Generations Of Vaccinesmentioning
confidence: 99%