The nonshivering thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue and fat mobilization of striped hamsters exposed to cycles of cold and warm temperatures

Huo, Da-Liang; Bao, Meng-Huan; Cao, Jing; Zhao, Zhanzheng

doi:10.1080/24750263.2022.2025931

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Moreover, the body mass and RMR returned to the control level after refeeding, indicating that E. miletus has strong phenotypic plasticity. Phenotypic changes were also found in internal organs, which may reflect their functional adaptation [ 31 ]. Food restriction decreased the wet and dry mass of the liver in E. miletus, which reflected that food restriction reduces the thermogenic capacity of E. miletus to maintain their survival [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Ghrelin and Leptin in Body Mass Regulation under Food Restriction Based on the AMPK Pathway in the Red-Backed Vole, Eothenomys miletus, from Kunming and Dali Regions

Liu

Jia²,

Ren

et al. 2022

Animals

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The phenotype plasticity of animals’ physiological characteristics is an important survival strategy to cope with environmental changes, especially the change in climate factors. Small mammals that inhabit seasonally changing environments often face the stress of food shortage in winter. This study measured and compared the thermogenic characteristics and related physiological indicators in the adenosine-5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in Eothenomys miletus between Kunming (KM, n = 18) and Dali (DL, n = 18) under food restriction and refeeding. The results showed that food restriction and the region have significant effects on body mass, the resting metabolic rate (RMR), hypothalamic neuropeptide gene expression, ghrelin levels in the stomach and serum, serum leptin level and the activity of AMPK, and malonyl CoA and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1) activity. Food restriction reduced the body mass, the gene expression of neuropeptide proopiomelanocortin (POMC), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcription peptide (CART), and leptin level. However, the ghrelin concentration and AMPK activity increased. After refeeding, there was no difference in these physiological indexes between the food restriction and control groups. Moreover, the physiological indicators also showed regional differences, such as the body mass, POMC and CART gene expression, ghrelin concentration in the stomach and serum, and AMPK activity in DL changed more significantly. All these results showed that food restriction reduces energy metabolism in E. miletus. After refeeding, most of the relevant physiological indicators can return to the control level, indicating that E. miletus has strong phenotypic plasticity. Ghrelin, leptin, and the AMPK pathway play an important role in the energy metabolism of E. miletus under food restriction. Moreover, regional differences in physiological indicators under food restriction may be related to the different temperatures or food resources in different regions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Ghrelin and Leptin in Body Mass Regulation under Food Restriction Based on the AMPK Pathway in the Red-Backed Vole, Eothenomys miletus, from Kunming and Dali Regions

Liu

Jia²,

Ren

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…RMR was measured for 3 h in the chamber at 30 ± 0.5 °C (within the thermal neutral zone of this species), and the measurement of ambient temperature in the chamber was performed using a temperature probe (TSE system). The data were averaged and collected every 10 s by a computer connected analogue–digital converter (TSE system), and the continuous stable minimal recordings over 10 min were taken to calculate RMR [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat accumulation in striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis) reflects the temperature of prior cold acclimation

Zhang,

Cao,

Zhao

2024

Front Zool

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Background Proper adjustments of metabolic thermogenesis play an important role in thermoregulation in endotherm to cope with cold and/or warm ambient temperatures, however its roles in energy balance and fat accumulation remain uncertain. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of previous cold exposure (10 and 0 °C) on the energy budgets and fat accumulation in the striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis) in response to warm acclimation. The body mass, energy intake, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and nonshivering thermogenesis (NST), serum thyroid hormone levels (THs: T3 and T4), and the activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT), indicated by cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity and uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) expression, were measured following exposure to the cold (10 °C and 0 °C) and transition to the warm temperature (30 °C). Results The hamsters at 10 °C and 0 °C showed significant increases in energy intake, RMR and NST, and a considerable reduction in body fat than their counterparts kept at 21 °C. After being transferred from cold to warm temperature, the hamsters consumed less food, and decreased RMR and NST, but they significantly increased body fat content. Interestingly, the hamsters that were previously exposed to the colder temperature showed significantly more fat accumulation after transition to the warm. Serum T3 levels, BAT COX activity and ucp1 mRNA expression were significantly increased following cold exposure, and were considerably decreased after transition to the warm. Furthermore, body fat content was negatively correlated with serum T3 levels, BAT COX activity and UCP1 expression. Conclusion The data suggest that the positive energy balance resulting from the decreased RMR and NST in BAT under the transition from the cold to the warm plays important roles in inducing fat accumulation. The extent of fat accumulation in the warm appears to reflect the temperature of the previous cold acclimation.

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“…Based on the existing literature on mammals, we suggest that the thermogenic demands of birds may not be met solely by shivering thermogenesis (Nowack et al ., 2019; Huo et al ., 2022). Several lines of evidence suggest that NST is present in birds, at least at neonatal stages.…”

Section: Shivering In Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian adjustments to cold and non‐shivering thermogenesis: whats, wheres and hows

Pani

Bal

2022

Biological Reviews

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Avian cold adaptation is hallmarked by innovative strategies of both heat conservation and thermogenesis. While minimizing heat loss can reduce the thermogenic demands of body temperature maintenance, it cannot eliminate the requirement for thermogenesis. Shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) are the two synergistic mechanisms contributing to endothermy. Birds are of particular interest in studies of NST as they lack brown adipose tissue (BAT), the major organ of NST in mammals. Critical analysis of the existing literature on avian strategies of cold adaptation suggests that skeletal muscle is the principal site of NST. Despite recent progress, isolating the mechanisms involved in avian muscle NST has been difficult as shivering and NST co-exist with its primary locomotory function. Herein, we re-evaluate various proposed molecular bases of avian skeletal muscle NST. Experimental evidence suggests that sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase (SERCA) and ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1) are key in avian muscle NST, through their mediation of futile Ca 2+ cycling and thermogenesis. More recent studies have shown that SERCA regulation by sarcolipin (SLN) facilitates muscle NST in mammals; however, its role in birds is unclear. Ca 2+ signalling in the muscle seems to be common to contraction, shivering and NST, but elucidating its roles will require more precise measurement of local Ca 2+ levels inside avian myofibres. The endocrine control of avian muscle NST is still poorly defined. A better understanding of the mechanistic details of avian muscle NST will provide insights into the roles of these processes in regulatory thermogenesis, which could further inform our understanding of the evolution of endothermy among vertebrates.

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The nonshivering thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue and fat mobilization of striped hamsters exposed to cycles of cold and warm temperatures

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Roles of Ghrelin and Leptin in Body Mass Regulation under Food Restriction Based on the AMPK Pathway in the Red-Backed Vole, Eothenomys miletus, from Kunming and Dali Regions

Roles of Ghrelin and Leptin in Body Mass Regulation under Food Restriction Based on the AMPK Pathway in the Red-Backed Vole, Eothenomys miletus, from Kunming and Dali Regions

Fat accumulation in striped hamsters (Cricetulus barabensis) reflects the temperature of prior cold acclimation

Avian adjustments to cold and non‐shivering thermogenesis: whats, wheres and hows

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