The Normal Component of a Gas Flame Speed

Abstract

We study the burning of an open flame of hydrocarbon fuel in the air atmosphere and introduce a method of determination of the flame speed normal component for a selected local diametrical slice. A distribution of speeds along the flame axis reveals the inner flame structure and its variation depending on the fuel-oxidant ratio. K e y w o r d s: burning, hydrocarbon flames, normal component of the flame speed, local slices, flame structure.

Charge Transfer Stage during Potentiostatic Formation of Zinc Nuclei on Carbon Electrode from Zincate Solution

“…([Zn(OH) 3 H 2 O] -is the most probable electrochemically active particle in this stage (9)). The transfer coefficient α 1 = 0.27 was determined during galvanostatic reduction of zincate ions on an anisotropic pyrolytic carbon electrode (10) and then this value was used for the calculations.…”

The structure of a gas flame and the mechanism of the flame front formation

“…Researchers have found experimentally 5 the values of normal flame speeds for the flames above nozzles of various diameters. Further, 6 the concept of the local speed of normal burning was introduced, and its values were experimentally determined, yielding the distributions along the flame front.…”

“…4), there is an angle between the direction of the initial combustible mixture feed vector, and the local normal burning speed, so the value of the measured local flame speed decreases. 6 A stable position of the local radiant volume (condition of the geometrical form stability and position of the glowing burning front) is predefined by interaction of all three mentioned speeds. If moving away from the flame axis (e.g., to point, "c" in Fig.…”

“…The stability of the local volume of the combustion front in a Bunsen burner is maintained under the following conditions: 6 Using them for the conditions 1 and 2, we find Vl.a.v. and Vl.a.h., so we can recover the full vector Vl.a..…”