The Normal Flora of the Human Skin†

Marples, Mary J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb12827.x

Cited by 59 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 70 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The normal bacterial flora of the hand includes Staphylococcus epidermidis, micrococci and diphtheroids (Evans et al 1950 andMarples, M. J., 1969). Although these organisms form the major component of the normal skin flora, they are unusual causes of nosocomial infections (Schaffner, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand carriage of aerobic Gram-negative rods by health care personnel

Adams

Marrie

1982

J. Hyg.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYA quantitative culture technique (hand washed in a glove containing broth for 30 s) was used to determine the frequency ofhand carriage ofaerobic Gram-negative rods by various groups of health care workers and 104 control subjects. Overall, 31 % of health care workers carried aerobic Gram-negative rods on their hands compared to 59 % of control subjects (P < 0-001). Enterobacter agglomerans accounted for 40 % of the isolates, and other Enterobacter spp. 7 %. Other organisms included Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 21 %, Serratia spp. 11 %, Klebsiella spp. 10 %, Moraxella spp. 3 %, Pseudomonas spp. 3 %, Proteus spp. 1V5 %, Escherichia coli 1 %; Morganella morganii, Citrobacter freundii, Aeromonas sp. and an isolate that was not speciated accounted for 0 5 % each. We conclude that endemic hand carriage ofaerobic Gram-negative rods by health care personnel is common, but significantly less than that of control subjects. Enterobacter agglomerans is found so frequently on the hands of control subjects that it must be considered part of the normal hand flora.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand carriage of aerobic Gram-negative rods by health care personnel

Adams

Marrie

1982

J. Hyg.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As mentioned previously, S. epidermidis is the most commonly isolated bacterial species from healthy human skin, and generally has a benign relationship with its host [6][7][8]. Despite its generally innocuous nature, over the past 20 years the research on S. epidermidis has been focused on its action as an opportunistic pathogen, and the identification of factors contributing to the conversion of S. epidermidis from a member of the resident microflora to an infectious agent.…”

Section: Yuping Laimentioning

confidence: 99%

Commensal skin bacteria as the probiotic of the cutaneous immune response

Lai

Gallo²

2010

Expert Review of Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Previous studies that have examined the bacterial composition on normal intact skin have shown that the presence of certain bacteria differs widely among different sites of the body. 61,62 A recent 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the microbial diversity among 20 distinct skin sites of healthy humans demonstrated that physiologically similar sites (sebaceous, moist, and dry) retain comparable bacterial communities but that these communities demonstrated significant variation in composite species. 15,16,63 How these bacterial communities influence the bacterial colonization of chronic wounds is yet to be determined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with spinal cord injury: What we know and what we should know

Dana

Bauman

2014

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at increased risk for the development of pressure ulcers. These chronic wounds are debilitating and contribute to prolonged hospitalization and worse medical outcome. However, the species of bacteria and the role that specific species may play in delaying the healing of chronic pressure ulcers in the SCI population has not been well characterized. This study will review the literature regarding what is known currently about the bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with SCI. An electronic literature search of MEDLINE (1966 to February 2014) was performed. Eleven studies detailing bacterial cultures of pressure ulcers in the SCI population met inclusion criteria and were selected for review. Among these studies, bacterial cultures were often polymicrobial with both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria identified with culture techniques that varied significantly. The most common organisms identified in pressure ulcers were Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. In general, wounds were poorly characterized with minimal to no physical description and/or location provided. Our present understanding of factors that may alter the microbiome of pressure ulcers in individuals with SCI is quite rudimentary, at best. Well-designed studies are needed to assess appropriate wound culture technique, the impact of bacterial composition on wound healing, development of infection, and the optimum medical and surgical approaches to wound care.

show abstract

The Normal Flora of the Human Skin†

Cited by 59 publications

References 70 publications

Hand carriage of aerobic Gram-negative rods by health care personnel

Hand carriage of aerobic Gram-negative rods by health care personnel

Commensal skin bacteria as the probiotic of the cutaneous immune response

Bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with spinal cord injury: What we know and what we should know

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About