The normal modes at the surface of simple metals

Tsuei, Ku‐Ding; Plummer, E. W.; Liebsch, A.; Pehlke, E.; Kempa, Krzysztof; Bakshi, P.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(91)90142-f

Cited by 209 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…For many extended systems such a description is insufficient to account for optical excitations because the electron-hole attraction is not properly accounted for. However, dielectric properties, in particular collective plasmon excitations, are generally accurately reproduced by this approach 7,8 , and quantitative agreement with electron energy loss experiments have been reported for bulk metals 9,10 , surfaces 11,12 , graphene-based systems 13,14 , semiconductors 15,16 and even supercondutors 17 . Furthermore, the accurate evaluation of the density response function at the RPA or ALDA level is a prerequisite for implementation of most post-DFT schemes, such as RPA correlation energy 18 , exact-exchange optimized-effective-potential methods 19 , the GW approximation for quasi-particle excitations 20,21 , and the Bethe-Salpeter equation 21,22 for optical excitations.…”

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confidence: 86%

Linear density response function in the projector augmented wave method: Applications to solids, surfaces, and interfaces

et al. 2011

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We present an implementation of the linear density response function within the projectoraugmented wave (PAW) method with applications to the linear optical and dielectric properties of both solids, surfaces, and interfaces. The response function is represented in plane waves while the single-particle eigenstates can be expanded on a real space grid or in atomic orbital basis for increased efficiency. The exchange-correlation kernel is treated at the level of the adiabatic local density approximation (ALDA) and crystal local field effects are included. The calculated static and dynamical dielectric functions of Si, C, SiC, AlP and GaAs compare well with previous calculations. While optical properties of semiconductors, in particular excitonic effects, are generally not well described by ALDA, we obtain excellent agreement with experiments for the surface loss function of graphene and the Mg(0001) surface with plasmon energies deviating by less than 0.2 eV. Finally, the method is applied to study the influence of substrates on the plasmon excitations in graphene.

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confidence: 86%

Linear density response function in the projector augmented wave method: Applications to solids, surfaces, and interfaces

et al. 2011

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“…This is the multipole plasmon mode m which has been theoretically predicted, and identified on many metal surfaces. 2,[5][6][7][10][11][12][13][14][15] Parallel to the surface, both s and m propagate such as plane waves with alternate positive and negative regions. Thus, along the surface both the modes are dipolar in nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic excitations on silver surfaces

Barman¹,

Biswas²,

Horn

2004

Phys. Rev. B

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The surface electronic structure and optical response of Ag has been studied using angle-and energyresolved photoyield ͑AERPY͒ and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy ͑ARPES͒ using low energy photons ͑2.7-18 eV͒. ARPES data for Ag͑100͒ exhibit an unexpected dispersing feature which cannot be assigned to a direct transition peak in the ⌫X direction of the bulk Brillouin zone. The origin of this feature is found in the surface mediated indirect transitions related to the direct transition in the ⌫L direction. From the AERPY experiments, the adlayer standing-wave-like bulk plasmon mode is clearly observed in Ag͑100͒ and Ag͑111͒ thin films. The silver multipole plasmon is observed both on Ag adlayers and bulk single crystal surfaces at 3.7 eV. No signature of the multipole plasmon is observed around 6.7 eV, in disagreement with the prediction of the s-d polarization model.

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“…For the QHT, the response is calculated with the FEM also employed in our numerical analysis of the ground-state electron density above. For comparisons, we also implement the time-dependent local-density approximation (TDLDA) method [78][79][80]. The numerical computation of the LRD by the QHT is much more efficient than the TDLDA, because the heavy computation of the nonlocal response function in the TDLDA is greatly reduced by the hydrodynamic differential equation.…”

Section: Numerical Results For Linear-response Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic theory for quantum plasmonics: Linear-response dynamics of the inhomogeneous electron gas

Yan

2015

Phys. Rev. B

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We investigate the hydrodynamic theory of metals, offering systematic studies of the linear-response dynamics for an inhomogeneous electron gas. We include the quantum functional terms of the Thomas-Fermi kinetic energy, the von Weizsäcker kinetic energy, and the exchange-correlation Coulomb energies under the local density approximation. The advantages, limitations, and possible improvements of the hydrodynamic theory are transparently demonstrated. The roles of various parameters in the theory are identified. We anticipate that the hydrodynamic theory can be applied to investigate the linear response of complex metallic nanostructures, including quantum effects, by adjusting theory parameters appropriately.

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The normal modes at the surface of simple metals

Cited by 209 publications

References 65 publications

Linear density response function in the projector augmented wave method: Applications to solids, surfaces, and interfaces

Linear density response function in the projector augmented wave method: Applications to solids, surfaces, and interfaces

Electronic excitations on silver surfaces

Hydrodynamic theory for quantum plasmonics: Linear-response dynamics of the inhomogeneous electron gas

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