The North Pacic Subtropical High Characterized Separately for June, July, and August: Zonal Displacement Associated with Submonthly Variability

Kawatani, Yoshio; Ninomiya, K.; Tokioka, Tatsushi

doi:10.2151/jmsj.86.505

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Owing to the intrinsic temporal variability of the North Pacific Subtropical High (NPSH) centered around 30°-40°N, 140°-160°W during boreal summer (Kawatani et al, 2008), we hypothesize that the Z850A+ over the central North Pacific (~45°N, 170°E-160°W; hereafter called CNPAC+) may stem from the scenario when NPSH extends to the north.…”

Section: Hrb Rain Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer Monsoon Rainfall Patterns and Predictability over Southeast China

Dai

Cheng

2020

Water Resources Research

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This study advances the use of the Self‐organizing Map (SOM) to identify the summer monsoon rainfall patterns over Southeast China (SEC), using 272 gauge records from May to August. Three distinct rain belts over the Huai River basin (HRB), the Lower Yangtze River basin (LYRB) and the South Coast region (SCR) are found. Their subseasonal variability strongly agrees with the northward progression of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) front in a stepwise fashion. We find that precipitation in the SCR and HRB rain belts exhibit significant changes in the mid‐1990s, while the 1990s is the most active decade for the LYRB rain belt. Promising predictability of average daily rainfall over these three regions is obtained, with about 39% to 50% of the total variance explained by the circulation informed regression models. Both leave‐one‐year‐out cross‐validation and blind prediction verify the regression performance. The western North Pacific Subtropical High phases, mid‐latitude blocking high anomaly over northeast China and upper‐level divergence in SEC are found to best explain the variability of the rain belts. The newly proposed Russia‐China wave patterns (western/central Russia → north of Tibetan Plateau → SEC) and teleconnection between the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation and the rain belts also offer additional predictability. Findings from this work may advance the understanding of the EASM rain belts, and offer insights to the source of bias for numerical simulations of daily summer monsoon rainfall in the region.

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Section: Hrb Rain Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer Monsoon Rainfall Patterns and Predictability over Southeast China

Dai

Cheng

2020

Water Resources Research

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“…On the other hand, it is expected that local intensification of the North Pacific subtropical high affects typhoon tracks in boreal summer [e.g., Harr and Elsberry , ; Camargo et al ., ; Kawatani et al ., ]. Nakazawa and Rajendran [] showed that in years when the North Pacific subtropical high extends westward (retreats eastward) from its climatological location, the frequency of tropical cyclones' approach to and landfall on Japan tends to be decreased (increased).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale interaction between typhoons and the North Pacific subtropical high and associated remote effects during the Baiu/Meiyu season

Hirata

Kawamura

2014

JGR Atmospheres

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The interaction between typhoons and the North Pacific subtropical high and the associated remote impact on East Asian and North Pacific anomalous weather during the Baiu/Meiyu season have been investigated using the Japanese long-term Reanalysis project data aided by the Japan Meteorological Agency Climate Data Assimilation System. The typhoons that appeared in July have been categorized into two primary tracks, the Hainan Island course (HC) and the Okinawa Island course (OC). A typhoon gives rise to negative absolute vorticity advection along its eastern periphery, which locally reinforces the western ridge of the North Pacific subtropical high, whereas the resultant anomalous high stimulates the westward (northward) migration of the HC (OC) typhoon through its combination with the background flow. A combined effect of the typhoon and its induced anomalous anticyclonic circulation increases the transportation of moisture into the Baiu/Meiyu frontal zone in the vicinity of Japan. Over the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan, northward or northeastward moisture flux is pronounced along the western periphery of the typhoon-induced anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the HC category, triggering heavy rainfall on central Japan's Sea of Japan coast. Similar remote effects also operate in the OC category, which is responsible for the occurrence of extremely heavy rainfall along the Pacific coast of western Japan. When an OC typhoon approaches the Asian jet, it is capable of giving rise to anticyclonic vorticity within the jet, leading to the downstream development of stationary Rossby wave packets via the North Pacific waveguide.

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“…The westward extension and the eastward retreat of the NPSA, as well as the south-north shift of the NPSA, of various time scales, have strong influence on the precipitation during the Meiyu-Baiu season. To realize these variations, Kawatani et al (2008) made an analysis on the zonal displacement of NPSA associated with submonthly variability by using ERA-40 andCMAP data in 1979-2001. Similar analysis on ''CMIP3 Climate Models'' is needed to understand the results of the present article.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Precipitation in the Meiyu-Baiu Season in the CMIP3 20th Century Climate Simulations Kozo NINOMIYA

Ninomiya

2009

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Characteristics of precipitation in the Meiyu-Baiu season in twenty-two 20th century climate simulations contributed to the World Climate Research Programme's Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) are studied comparing with two observed precipitation data. The distribution of precipitation in the Meiyu-Baiu season is characterized by the narrow Meiyu and Baiu frontal precipitation zone (MFZ and BFZ) extending along the northern rim of the North Pacific subtropical anticyclone (NPSA), the maximum precipitation zone (S. Max zone) along the southern rim of the NPSA, and the minimum precipitation zone (S. Min zone) to the south of MFZ and BFZ. The latitude of these zones and the precipitation within these zones produced by the models are examined, using the 20-year (1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999) averaged values for May, June and July.The precipitation in these zones in each month obtained from the respective many-model ensemble average (MEA) coincides approximately with the observation data, except the western ''S. Max zone'' in May. However, the MEA simulates MFZ, BFZ and ''S. Min zone'' to the north of their observed latitude in May. MEA reasonably reproduce the latitude of both MFZ and BFZ for June, and the latitude of BFZ and ''S. Min zone'' for July. The latitude of the ''S. Max zone'' is approximately reproduced for MJJ.The standard deviation (STD) of the precipitation from the MEA does not change widely from zone to zone and from month to month. However, STD of the latitude of zones varies widely. The STD of the latitude of MFZ and BFZ became larger in June and July. The STD of the latitude of MFZ is larger than that of BFZ. The STD of the latitude for ''S. Max zone'' is especially large. The models show large deviation from the MEA around the western and southern rim of the NPSA. Low horizontal resolution models tend to yield the larger deviation, in regard to both the latitude and precipitation, as compared with models of medium resolution. However, a few high resolution models still produce large deviation from the MEA. It is hard to state conclusively the influence of the cumulus parameterization scheme on the intense precipitation zones.

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The North Pacic Subtropical High Characterized Separately for June, July, and August: Zonal Displacement Associated with Submonthly Variability

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Summer Monsoon Rainfall Patterns and Predictability over Southeast China

Summer Monsoon Rainfall Patterns and Predictability over Southeast China

Scale interaction between typhoons and the North Pacific subtropical high and associated remote effects during the Baiu/Meiyu season

Characteristics of Precipitation in the Meiyu-Baiu Season in the CMIP3 20th Century Climate Simulations Kozo NINOMIYA

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